Deciduous · Full Sun
Mature size: 8m–15m high × 6m–12m wide
Most loved for its large heart-shaped leaves, showy clusters of white orchid-like flowers in summer, and long hanging seed pods that add ornamental interest.
Approximate only. Minimum height important? Confirm with us.
Height guide & disclaimer
Height guide disclaimer: Height ranges are approximate only. As living products, plant heights naturally vary between individual plants, batches, and seasons. No guarantee is given that supplied plants will fall within the stated range. If minimum heights are required, you must confirm current batch heights with Evergreen Trees Direct prior to purchase. Variation in height is normal and is not grounds for return, refund, replacement, or compensation.
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| Pot / bag size | Width | Depth |
|---|---|---|
| 30cm Pot | 33cm | 30cm |
| 40cm/45L Pot | 44cm | 41.5cm |
| 50cm Pot / 70L Pot | 55cm | 41.8cm |
| 100L Bag | 50.6cm | 52.8cm |
| 150L Bag | 66cm | 55cm |
| 200L Bag | 71.5cm | 60.5cm |
| 300L Bag | 88cm | 63.8cm |
| 400L Bag | 99cm | 66cm |
| 500L Bag | 122cm | 66cm |
| 750L Bag | 134cm | 69cm |
| 1000L Bag | 146.3cm | 71.5cm |
| 2000L Bag | 176cm | 82.5cm |
General planting reference from our existing size guide. Actual containers can vary by supplier and batch; confirm exact dimensions if required.
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Catalpa bignonioides, the Indian Bean Tree or Southern Catalpa, is a deciduous shade tree with very large heart shaped leaves and a broad rounded canopy. White bell flowers marked with purple and yellow appear in early summer, followed by the long slender seed pods that give the tree its common name.
It grows in full sun in most soils, including compacted urban ground, and puts on about 60 centimetres to 1 metre a year while young. Frost is no issue, since it survives heavy and frequent frost without damage. Cool temperate and warm temperate districts suit it, and it is drought tolerant once established.
It is used as a shade tree in parks, on wide verges, in avenue plantings and as a feature in larger gardens. The dense leaf cover throws deep shade in summer, then drops to let winter sun through. Councils plant it where a bold, fast establishing canopy is needed on a difficult site.
About Indian Bean Tree
In Australian conditions expect roughly 8 to 12 metres tall and 6 to 10 metres wide at maturity, forming a broad, rounded canopy on a short trunk. It reaches useful shade size quickly, adding about 60 centimetres to 1 metre a year early on before slowing. Allow generous room, as this is not a small garden tree.
Deciduous. It drops all its leaves through the colder months and leafs out late in spring, later than most deciduous trees. The long seed pods hang on through winter and become a feature of the bare tree. That late leaf flush is normal for the species and not a sign of a problem.
Early summer, generally November into December, once the canopy is fully out. The white bell shaped flowers are held in upright clusters and marked inside with purple spots and yellow stripes. Trees usually need several years in the ground before they flower well, and flowering is heaviest in an open, sunny position.
Full sun. The tree develops its best form, heaviest flowering and densest canopy in an open position with all day light. It tolerates part shade but grows more openly and flowers less. It also handles reflected heat, exhaust and compacted soil, which is why it turns up in streetscapes and car park islands.
It is widely used as one. It tolerates pollution, compacted soil and root restriction, establishes quickly and casts heavy shade. Two things to plan for: the large leaves and long pods create seasonal litter, and the broad canopy needs clearance from overhead lines. Given room and a decent planting pit, it performs reliably.
Yes, very. It survives heavy and frequent frost without damage and is at home in cold inland districts such as the tablelands, Canberra and central Victoria. Being deciduous, it is dormant and leafless through the coldest part of the year. Late spring frosts can burn early growth, and the tree reshoots without setback.
Water deeply through the first two or three summers, after which it manages on rainfall in most temperate districts. Mulch out to the dripline and keep grass off the root zone while it is young. Prune in winter to lift the canopy and remove crossing limbs. Rake up leaves and pods where litter matters.
| Mature height | 8m to 15m (approx.) |
|---|---|
| Mature width | 6m to 12m |
| Position | Full Sun |
| Growth per year | 60cm to 100cm per year (approx.) |
| Frost | Frost Hardy |
| Foliage | Deciduous (Defoliates throughout colder months) |
| Form | Broad · Rounded |
| Uses | Shade Tree · Feature Tree · Avenue Planting · Council or Civic Landscapes |
Deciduous (Defoliates throughout colder months)
Catalpa bignonioides is expected to grow 60cm to 100cm per year (approx.).
Catalpa bignonioides works in an:
Catalpa bignonioides is an Deciduous (Defoliates throughout colder months) Tree
Mature Height: 8m to 15m (approx.)
Mature Width: 6m to 12m
Catalpa bignonioides is expected to grow 60cm to 100cm per year (approx.).
Catalpa bignonioides is expected to grow 60cm to 100cm per year (approx.).
They are considered to have a:
Is Catalpa bignonioides frost tolerant?
Catalpa bignonioides is Frost Hardy – Survives heavy and frequent frost without damage.
Catalpa bignonioides produces large clusters of showy white trumpet-shaped flowers in late spring to early summer. Marked with yellow and purple speckling inside the throat, these striking blooms create a bold, ornamental display above the broad, heart-shaped foliage.
Does Catalpa bignonioides flower?
Flowering Period:
Flower Type:
Flower Colour:
White
No
Catalpa bignonioides is Native to The southeastern United States, particularly along riverbanks and moist woodlands from Georgia to Mississippi.
Its nectar-rich flowers attract bees, butterflies and hoverflies, while the broad canopy provides shelter for small birds. The long seed pods also support insect activity, contributing to a biodiverse and dynamic garden ecosystem.
Catalpa bignonioides will thrive best in:
Catalpa bignonioides performs best in well-drained loam or sandy loam soils and tolerates slightly acidic to neutral conditions. It can struggle in heavy clay or poorly drained areas unless improved with organic matter to enhance aeration and structure. Keep soil evenly moist during establishment, then transition to deep, occasional watering as the tree matures to support strong flowering and vigorous seasonal growth.
Is Catalpa bignonioides Drought tolerant?
As a young tree it requires regular watering, but once established Catalpa bignonioides develops moderate drought tolerance. It performs best with deep, occasional watering during extended dry periods and maintains steady growth in a wide range of climates.
Approx. 1.3m – 1.9m
Approx. 2.8m – 4.0m
Enquire for current heights
Enquire for current heights
Heights are approximate and vary between individual trees.
We take pride in supplying A+ grade advanced trees. When stock at our farm is not yet ready, we work with our trusted trade suppliers to source the best available trees for your garden.
Enriched Planting Mix is a certified organic blend of Pure Magic Compost, composted animal manure, gypsum, composted coarse bark and a wetting agent, bagged in 30L. It is built to be dug through existing garden soil at planting time rather than used on its own, and the gypsum is what sets it apart from a plain compost.
Gypsum helps break up heavy clay so water and roots can move through it, while the compost and manure return organic matter and nutrient to tired ground. The coarse bark holds structure and keeps air around the root zone, and the wetting agent keeps moisture in the soil longer after rain or watering.
Use it when planting trees, shrubs, roses, fruit trees and exotic garden plants, particularly into clay. Dig a hole twice the width of the pot and 7 centimetres deeper, then mix roughly one third planting mix through the excavated soil. Spread 7 centimetres of that improved soil in the base before setting the plant in.
About Enriched Planting Mix
It is a blend of Pure Magic Compost, composted animal manure, gypsum, composted coarse bark and a wetting agent. Each part has a job. The compost and manure supply organic matter and nutrient, the gypsum works on clay structure, the bark keeps air around the roots and the wetting agent holds moisture in the soil.
It suits exotic garden plants, including roses, ornamental and deciduous trees, fruit trees, shrubs and perennials, and it earns its keep most on heavy clay sites. It is a planting mix rather than a potting mix, so its job is improving soil at planting time. Phosphorus sensitive natives are the one clear exception.
No, not for the phosphorus sensitive ones. The composted animal manure in this blend lifts phosphorus well above what Proteaceae such as Banksia, Grevillea, Hakea and Protea will tolerate, and the result can be leaf burn, dieback and plant death. Use the Native Potting Mix for those species, or plant them into unimproved local soil.
Yes. It is a certified organic product with no chemical additives, which is why the manure and compost in it are fully composted rather than raw. That makes it sound around fruit trees and vegetable beds, and it means you are adding genuine organic matter to your soil rather than a synthetic conditioner.
Work on roughly one third planting mix to two thirds of the soil you dug out of the hole. For a shrub out of a 200 millimetre pot that is only a few litres. An advanced tree going into a large hole will take considerably more. Judge the quantity by the volume of the hole rather than the size of the plant.
It is not a potting mix and should not be used on its own in a container. The blend is designed to be diluted through garden soil, and used straight in a pot it holds too much water and settles badly. For containers, reach for a premium potting mix, or the native mix if you are potting natives.
Yes. Water the plant well several hours before you plant it, then water thoroughly again once the hole is backfilled and the soil firmed down. That first deep watering settles the improved soil around the root ball and drives out air pockets. Keep the water up over the first few months while the roots establish.
Enriched Planting Mix is a certified organic blend of Pure Magic Compost, composted animal manure, gypsum, composted coarse bark and a wetting agent, bagged in 30L. It is built to be dug through existing garden soil at planting time rather than used on its own, and the gypsum is what sets it apart from a plain compost.
Gypsum helps break up heavy clay so water and roots can move through it, while the compost and manure return organic matter and nutrient to tired ground. The coarse bark holds structure and keeps air around the root zone, and the wetting agent keeps moisture in the soil longer after rain or watering.
Use it when planting trees, shrubs, roses, fruit trees and exotic garden plants, particularly into clay. Dig a hole twice the width of the pot and 7 centimetres deeper, then mix roughly one third planting mix through the excavated soil. Spread 7 centimetres of that improved soil in the base before setting the plant in.
About Enriched Planting Mix
It is a blend of Pure Magic Compost, composted animal manure, gypsum, composted coarse bark and a wetting agent. Each part has a job. The compost and manure supply organic matter and nutrient, the gypsum works on clay structure, the bark keeps air around the roots and the wetting agent holds moisture in the soil.
It suits exotic garden plants, including roses, ornamental and deciduous trees, fruit trees, shrubs and perennials, and it earns its keep most on heavy clay sites. It is a planting mix rather than a potting mix, so its job is improving soil at planting time. Phosphorus sensitive natives are the one clear exception.
No, not for the phosphorus sensitive ones. The composted animal manure in this blend lifts phosphorus well above what Proteaceae such as Banksia, Grevillea, Hakea and Protea will tolerate, and the result can be leaf burn, dieback and plant death. Use the Native Potting Mix for those species, or plant them into unimproved local soil.
Yes. It is a certified organic product with no chemical additives, which is why the manure and compost in it are fully composted rather than raw. That makes it sound around fruit trees and vegetable beds, and it means you are adding genuine organic matter to your soil rather than a synthetic conditioner.
Work on roughly one third planting mix to two thirds of the soil you dug out of the hole. For a shrub out of a 200 millimetre pot that is only a few litres. An advanced tree going into a large hole will take considerably more. Judge the quantity by the volume of the hole rather than the size of the plant.
It is not a potting mix and should not be used on its own in a container. The blend is designed to be diluted through garden soil, and used straight in a pot it holds too much water and settles badly. For containers, reach for a premium potting mix, or the native mix if you are potting natives.
Yes. Water the plant well several hours before you plant it, then water thoroughly again once the hole is backfilled and the soil firmed down. That first deep watering settles the improved soil around the root ball and drives out air pockets. Keep the water up over the first few months while the roots establish.
Buxus microphylla var. japonica, sold as Japanese Box, is a dense evergreen shrub clipped here into clean topiary balls. The small, rounded, mid green leaves sit tightly along short stems, so the surface holds a crisp edge after cutting. Growth is naturally compact, which is what allows the ball shape to hold between trims.
It grows in full sun to part shade and accepts most soils that drain, from sandy loam through to improved clay. Cool temperate, temperate and subtropical districts all suit it, and established plants handle light to moderate frost. Growth runs about 15 to 25 centimetres a year, slow enough that the shape stays where you put it.
Balls are used to edge beds and paths, mark an entry, sit either side of a doorway, or repeat down a courtyard to give a planting rhythm. They also underplant feature trees neatly. Because the form arrives already grown, a bed reads finished from the day it goes in rather than years later.
About Japanese Box Topiary Balls
It is Buxus microphylla var. japonica grown on and clipped into a sphere. The plant does the same job as any box shrub, evergreen, small leaved and tolerant of cutting, but it arrives already shaped. Ball diameters run from around 30 centimetres up to large advanced specimens, and the shape is then held with two trims a year.
The ball is held at whatever diameter it is clipped to, commonly 30 to 70 centimetres, with larger specimens available in bigger containers. In the ground, overall height sits close to the ball diameter. Left entirely unclipped the species would slowly reach roughly 1.5 to 2 metres tall and wide over many years.
About 15 to 25 centimetres a year, which is slow to moderate. That pace is an advantage in topiary because the outline drifts gradually rather than running away between cuts. Two trims a year, one in early spring and one in late summer, are usually enough to keep the surface tight and the profile even.
Full sun to part shade both work. Full sun gives the densest, tightest surface, which matters when the appeal of the plant is a clean clipped edge. In hot inland gardens some afternoon shade prevents leaf scorch and bronzing. Deep shade thins the growth out and the ball loses its crisp outline.
Yes. Established plants handle light to moderate frost without damage, which covers most temperate and cool temperate gardens including Canberra, Melbourne and the southern tablelands. Newly planted stock is more exposed, so water it well going into winter and mulch the root zone. Any frost burnt tips can simply be trimmed off in spring.
Yes, they are one of the better plants for a container. A pot 40 to 50 centimetres wide suits a single ball for a courtyard, entry or balcony. Use a quality potting mix, water once the top few centimetres dry out, and feed in spring and again in summer. Repot or refresh the mix every few years.
Trim twice a year with sharp shears, cutting lightly and often rather than hard. Feed in early spring with a slow release fertiliser and keep water up through summer. Mulch to about 50 millimetres, keeping it clear of the stem. Watch for box psyllid on soft new growth and treat early if the tips start to cup.
Buxus sempervirens English Box Topiary Balls are pre-clipped formal evergreen specimens, available in three mature sizes and ready to place. The tight, fine, dark green foliage holds a precise rounded form year-round and gives the classic formal topiary look that no other Buxus replicates. As one of our most consistently strong-selling products, our English Box topiary balls are well-shaped, well-rooted, and arrive in proportion to the pot size.
English Box performs best in cool to temperate climates and is slow growing at around 15 to 25 cm per year in good conditions, which is exactly why it holds sharp formal shapes so well. It thrives in full sun to part shade with well-drained, slightly acidic to neutral loamy soil, and is frost hardy, drought tolerant once established, and excellent in containers. Two light clips per year, in spring and again in late summer, keep the ball form crisp.
Use them flanking entrances, lining formal pathways, anchoring symmetrical garden beds, defining parterre and knot gardens, and in pairs in classic urns and decorative pots at front doors. Buxus sempervirens is the original topiary plant and remains the benchmark for traditional and contemporary formal design, with a level of finesse and density that fast-growing alternatives cannot replicate.
About Buxus sempervirens English Box Topiary Balls
Our English Box topiary balls arrive pre-clipped and ready to place at the size you order. The 30cm/33cm pots have ball diameters of approximately 30 to 45 cm, the 40cm/45L pots have ball diameters of 40 to 55 cm, and the 50cm/75L pots have ball diameters of 50 to 70 cm. They are well-rooted and in proportion to the pot.
English Box is slow-growing, adding approximately 15 to 25 cm per year once established in good conditions. This slow growth rate is one of the reasons it holds sharp formal shapes so well, and why mature pre-clipped specimens command a premium over seedling-grown stock.
English Box (Buxus sempervirens) has the smallest, finest leaves and the tightest formal texture, ideal for traditional parterres and clipped balls. Japanese Box (Buxus microphylla japonica) has slightly larger leaves, grows faster, and handles heat better. Shaggy Box (Buxus bodinieri) has soft, rounded leaves, much better blight resistance, and is the best choice for humid subtropical climates where English Box can struggle.
English Box performs best in cool to temperate regions including Victoria, the ACT, the NSW Southern Highlands and Central Tablelands, Tasmania, and the elevated parts of South Australia and Western Australia. In humid coastal or hot subtropical regions, consider Buxus bodinieri Shaggy Box or Japanese Box instead for better long-term performance.
Lightly clip in spring and again in late summer or early autumn to maintain the ball shape. Avoid pruning in the heat of summer or during frost periods. Use sharp shears for the cleanest formal finish, and step back regularly to check the symmetry of the form.
Yes. English Box is the classic potted topiary plant and pre-clipped balls look particularly striking in pairs at entrances and on terraces. Use a minimum 30L pot for the 30cm/33cm size and scale up from there, with a quality potting mix and a slow-release fertiliser applied twice yearly.
English Box can be affected by box blight, particularly in humid conditions where foliage stays wet. To reduce risk, ensure good air circulation around each plant, avoid overhead watering, and prune to maintain airflow through the canopy. In high-humidity regions, Buxus bodinieri Shaggy Box is a more disease-resistant alternative.
Ligularia reniformis carries enormous glossy kidney-shaped leaves that give a shaded garden the bold tropical texture usually only available in full sun. The Tractor Seat Plant is grown for foliage first, with tall stems of bright yellow daisy flowers through summer as a bonus.
Ligularia reniformis forms a clump 0.6 to 1 metre tall and 1 to 1.5 metres wide, spreading slowly at 10 to 20 centimetres per year. That steady habit makes it reliable as a mass underplanting beneath established trees, an edging along a shaded path, or a single specimen in a large pot.
This is a full shade plant. It wants consistent moisture and protection from hot afternoon sun, which scorches the leaves, and it is frost sensitive, so in cold districts it needs a protected position. Given shade and water it is close to maintenance free.
About Ligularia reniformis
It forms a clump 0.6 to 1 metre tall and 1 to 1.5 metres wide. The individual leaves can reach 40 centimetres across, which is where the bold texture comes from.
The common name comes from the large round kidney-shaped leaves, which resemble the seat of an old tractor. The botanical name reniformis means kidney-shaped.
Yes. It performs best in full shade and will scorch in hot afternoon sun. It is one of the most useful foliage plants available for genuinely dark positions.
Tall stems of bright yellow daisy-like flowers rise well above the foliage through summer. The foliage remains the main feature for the rest of the year.
No. It is frost sensitive and may be damaged by frost. In cold districts plant it in a protected position, or grow it in a pot that can be moved under cover.
It wants consistently moist soil and does not tolerate drying out. Mulch well and water regularly through summer, particularly in pots and under established trees where roots compete.
Plant 0.8 to 1 metre apart for a continuous shaded groundcover mass. Closer spacing fills in faster but the clumps will crowd within a few seasons.
Rhaphiolepis indica 'Oriental Pearl' is one of the best compact evergreen shrubs available for low hedges and borders. The glossy dark green foliage forms a naturally tidy rounded mound, and clusters of soft white to pale pink flowers appear from late winter into spring, followed by small dark berries.
Oriental Pearl grows to just 1-1.5 metres tall and wide, holding a neat uniform shape with minimal pruning. The compact form makes it ideal for low clipped hedges, narrow borders, mass plantings, and container planting, particularly where space is limited and a formal finish is wanted.
Oriental Pearl thrives across most Australian climates in full sun to part shade, tolerating heat, coastal exposure, salt spray, light frost, and a wide range of well-drained soils. It is both drought tolerant and salt tolerant once established, making it a reliable low-maintenance choice for coastal and low-water gardens.
About Rhaphiolepis indica 'Oriental Pearl'
Rhaphiolepis indica 'Oriental Pearl' grows to 1-1.5 metres tall and wide, forming a naturally compact dense mound.
Oriental Pearl has a moderate growth rate of 20-40cm per year once established.
Yes. Oriental Pearl is one of the best compact evergreen shrubs for low hedges, borders, and mass plantings, holding a tidy rounded form with minimal pruning.
Oriental Pearl produces clusters of soft white to pale pink flowers from late winter into spring, followed by small dark berries.
Yes. Oriental Pearl is both drought tolerant and salt tolerant once established, making it well suited to coastal gardens and low-water landscapes.
Plant 50-70cm apart for a continuous low hedge, or 80cm-1 metre for a softer informal border.
Oriental Pearl thrives across most Australian climates in full sun to part shade, tolerating heat, coastal exposure, and a wide range of well-drained soils.
Viburnum tinus flowers through winter and into spring, when almost nothing else is in bloom, opening tight pink buds into flat clusters of white flowers that are followed by metallic blue-black berries. It is one of very few hedging plants that earns its place in the colder months.
Viburnum tinus grows to 2 to 4 metres tall and 2.5 to 4 metres wide at 30 to 50 centimetres per year, forming a dense evergreen mass right to ground level. It clips cleanly into a formal hedge, holds well as an informal screen, and is equally useful as a large-scale groundcover mass on banks.
This is one of the most forgiving hedging plants available, growing in full sun through to part shade and tolerating light to moderate frost once established. It performs from subtropical Queensland through Sydney, the tablelands, Melbourne, Gippsland, the Western District and Adelaide.
About Viburnum tinus
Viburnum tinus grows to 2 to 4 metres tall and 2.5 to 4 metres wide. It is most often held at 1.5 to 2.5 metres as a clipped hedge and holds density right down to ground level.
Flowering runs through winter and into spring. Tight pink buds open to flat clusters of white flowers, followed by metallic blue-black berries that persist and attract birds.
Yes. It is one of the better hedging plants for shaded positions, performing in full sun through to part shade. In deeper shade growth is more open but the plant stays healthy.
Plant 1 to 1.5 metres apart for a dense informal screen, or 80 centimetres apart for a tight formal hedge. For a groundcover mass on a bank, 1 metre apart works well.
Yes. It handles light to moderate frost once established and performs in cool tablelands districts, though young plants benefit from protection through their first winter.
It grows at a moderate 30 to 50 centimetres per year, which makes it easy to keep at a set height without constant trimming, unlike faster screening plants.
Prune straight after the main flowering finishes in spring. This preserves the following winter's flower buds while giving the plant a full growing season to fill back out.
Trachelospermum jasminoides 'Balls' is Star Jasmine grown and clipped into a dense evergreen sphere. The small glossy leaves sit tight on a woody framework, holding a clean rounded outline year round. White pinwheel flowers open in spring and carry a strong sweet scent right across a courtyard.
Ball specimens hold at about 1 to 1.5 metres tall and wide with light clipping. Full sun to part shade suits them, in any free draining soil. Growth is slow to moderate at 30 to 50 centimetres a year. They handle coastal exposure, light frost and dry spells once the roots are down.
Repeat them along a driveway, either side of an entry, or in pots on a terrace where a formal shape is wanted straight away. They read as structure in a planting scheme without the height of a hedge, and because the form is already trained, a new garden looks settled from the day it goes in.
About Star Jasmine Balls
They are Trachelospermum jasminoides, the common Star Jasmine, grown and clipped into a dense evergreen sphere on a woody framework. Instead of climbing, the plant is trained into a self supporting rounded shape. The foliage is small, glossy and dark green, and the plant carries scented white flowers through spring.
They hold at roughly 1 to 1.5 metres tall and 1 to 1.5 metres wide. Growth is slow to moderate at 30 to 50 centimetres a year, so a light clip once or twice a year keeps the ball tight at whatever size within that range suits the setting.
Full sun to part shade both work. Full sun gives the densest foliage and the heaviest flowering, while part shade produces slightly softer, more open growth and fewer flowers. Avoid deep shade, where the ball thins out and loses its outline. Morning sun with afternoon protection suits hot inland gardens.
Yes, and pots are one of the main uses. A container 50 to 60 centimetres wide with a quality free draining mix will hold a ball for years. Water more often than you would in the ground, especially in summer, and feed in spring and again in late summer. Refresh the mix every few years.
Yes, the foliage is held year round. The glossy dark green leaves take on a bronze tinge in cold weather and green up again in spring, but the plant never goes bare. That is what makes it useful as permanent structure in a scheme, particularly in winter once perennials have died back.
Flowering runs through spring, roughly September to November, and often carries into early summer in warmer districts. The white pinwheel flowers are small but produced in quantity, and the scent is strong on still evenings. Flowering is heaviest on plants in full sun that were not clipped hard just before bud set.
Clip lightly with hedging shears once after flowering and again in late summer if needed, taking only the new growth to keep the outline crisp. Water deeply in dry weather, mulch the base, and feed in early spring. The sap is milky and can irritate skin, so wear gloves when trimming.
Westringia fruticosa, Coastal Rosemary, is an Australian native evergreen shrub from the headlands and dunes of the east coast. It builds a dense rounded bush of fine grey green leaves held in whorls, with small white to pale lilac flowers. Despite the common name it is not the culinary herb.
Mature plants sit at 1.5 to 2 metres tall and 1.5 to 2 metres wide, growing 30 to 60 centimetres a year, and they clip smaller without complaint. Full sun to part shade and sharp drainage are the requirements. Salt wind, sandy soil, drought and light to moderate frost are all handled.
It is a standard on coastal projects, road verges, council garden beds and exposed banks that need erosion cover. Plant 1 to 1.5 metres apart for an informal screen, or 80 centimetres for a clipped hedge. A single plant fills a 40 to 50 centimetre pot on a courtyard or balcony.
About Coastal Rosemary
Westringia fruticosa is an Australian native evergreen shrub from the headlands and dunes of the east coast. It forms a dense rounded bush of fine grey green leaves held in whorls, with small white to pale lilac flowers. Despite the common name it is not culinary rosemary and is not used in cooking.
Mature plants reach 1.5 to 2 metres tall and 1.5 to 2 metres wide. It clips readily to smaller dimensions and is often maintained at around a metre as a hedge or a low mound. Growth is moderate, roughly 30 to 60 centimetres a year, so it holds a trimmed shape well.
It is one of the best shrubs available for exposed coastal work. It grows naturally on sea cliffs and copes with salt laden wind, sand and reflected heat. It is used constantly on beachfront reserves, dune stabilisation projects and seaside gardens where little else holds a tidy shape.
The main flush is spring and summer, roughly September through February, with scattered flowering at other times of the year in mild districts. The flowers are small, white to pale lilac and sit among the foliage rather than above it. Clipped hedges flower less than plants left to grow informally.
Space plants 80 centimetres apart for a tight formal hedge, or 1 to 1.5 metres apart for a dense informal screen. On banks and batters used for erosion cover, 1 metre in a staggered grid gives full ground coverage within about two growing seasons.
Yes. A pot 40 to 50 centimetres wide suits a single plant for a courtyard, entry or balcony. Use a free draining mix, because the roots will not tolerate sitting wet. Container plants need watering more often than those in the ground, plus a light trim to hold their shape.
Trim lightly two or three times a year, taking the soft new growth and avoiding cuts into bare old wood, which reshoots poorly. Water through the first summer, then only in extended dry spells. On most soils it needs no feeding at all, and it resents heavy watering and poor drainage.
Catalpa bignonioides, the Indian Bean Tree or Southern Catalpa, is a deciduous shade tree with very large heart shaped leaves and a broad rounded canopy. White bell flowers marked with purple and yellow appear in early summer, followed by the long slender seed pods that give the tree its common name.
It grows in full sun in most soils, including compacted urban ground, and puts on about 60 centimetres to 1 metre a year while young. Frost is no issue, since it survives heavy and frequent frost without damage. Cool temperate and warm temperate districts suit it, and it is drought tolerant once established.
It is used as a shade tree in parks, on wide verges, in avenue plantings and as a feature in larger gardens. The dense leaf cover throws deep shade in summer, then drops to let winter sun through. Councils plant it where a bold, fast establishing canopy is needed on a difficult site.
About Indian Bean Tree
In Australian conditions expect roughly 8 to 12 metres tall and 6 to 10 metres wide at maturity, forming a broad, rounded canopy on a short trunk. It reaches useful shade size quickly, adding about 60 centimetres to 1 metre a year early on before slowing. Allow generous room, as this is not a small garden tree.
Deciduous. It drops all its leaves through the colder months and leafs out late in spring, later than most deciduous trees. The long seed pods hang on through winter and become a feature of the bare tree. That late leaf flush is normal for the species and not a sign of a problem.
Early summer, generally November into December, once the canopy is fully out. The white bell shaped flowers are held in upright clusters and marked inside with purple spots and yellow stripes. Trees usually need several years in the ground before they flower well, and flowering is heaviest in an open, sunny position.
Full sun. The tree develops its best form, heaviest flowering and densest canopy in an open position with all day light. It tolerates part shade but grows more openly and flowers less. It also handles reflected heat, exhaust and compacted soil, which is why it turns up in streetscapes and car park islands.
It is widely used as one. It tolerates pollution, compacted soil and root restriction, establishes quickly and casts heavy shade. Two things to plan for: the large leaves and long pods create seasonal litter, and the broad canopy needs clearance from overhead lines. Given room and a decent planting pit, it performs reliably.
Yes, very. It survives heavy and frequent frost without damage and is at home in cold inland districts such as the tablelands, Canberra and central Victoria. Being deciduous, it is dormant and leafless through the coldest part of the year. Late spring frosts can burn early growth, and the tree reshoots without setback.
Water deeply through the first two or three summers, after which it manages on rainfall in most temperate districts. Mulch out to the dripline and keep grass off the root zone while it is young. Prune in winter to lift the canopy and remove crossing limbs. Rake up leaves and pods where litter matters.
Gleditsia triacanthos 'Shademaster' is a large thornless honey locust grown for its fine pinnate foliage and even, spreading crown. The leaflets are small and ferny, so the canopy filters light rather than blocking it. Fresh green in spring and summer, the foliage turns yellow through autumn before falling.
It performs in full sun to part shade across cool temperate, temperate and semi arid districts, taking frost, heat, wind and compacted urban soil in its stride. Growth is 30 to 60 centimetres a year. Once established it is drought tolerant and needs little beyond formative pruning in the early seasons.
This is a park and street tree first. Councils plant it along roads and through car parks, and it works over lawns and paved courtyards where dappled shade is wanted without heavy litter. On a larger residential block it will shade a house within a decade of planting.
About Gleditsia 'Shademaster'
It is a named thornless cultivar of the honey locust, selected for a uniform upright branching pattern and an even, spreading crown. It suits Australian street and park planting because it takes hard urban conditions, casts light dappled shade, and carries fine ferny foliage that colours yellow in autumn before it drops.
At maturity it reaches 12 to 18 metres tall with a canopy spread of 8 to 15 metres, making it a genuine large shade tree. Allow that room at planting, well clear of buildings and overhead wires. On a restricted site, a compact honey locust selection is the better fit.
Around 30 to 60 centimetres a year, faster in deep soil with summer moisture. An advanced tree puts on useful canopy within three or four seasons, which is why it is specified where shade is needed reasonably quickly. Growth slows as the tree approaches full height, and the crown then broadens rather than climbs.
Very few. 'Shademaster' was selected in part for setting little to no fruit, so the long brown pods that litter the ground under seedling honey locusts are not an issue here. Small greenish flowers appear in spring and are barely noticeable. Autumn leaf drop is fine textured and breaks down fast.
Yes, it is one of the standard choices. It tolerates compacted soil, reflected heat off asphalt, exhaust pollution and root restriction, and it has no thorns to catch pedestrians. The high branching habit clears vehicles and sight lines once the tree has been formatively pruned. Give the roots adequate soil volume.
Usually yes. The leaflets are small and widely spaced, so light filters through and the shade beneath is dappled rather than dense. Lawn, groundcovers and shade tolerant shrubs all grow underneath, which is unusual for a tree of this size. That quality is why it is used over turf and seating areas.
Water deeply through the first two or three summers, then it manages on rainfall in most temperate districts. Formative prune in the early years to establish a single leader and a clear trunk. After that, remove deadwood in late winter. Mulch annually and feed in early spring if growth looks slow.
Robinia pseudoacacia 'Frisia' is the Golden Robinia, a deciduous tree derived from the North American black locust, with pinnate leaves that open bright golden yellow and hold that colour into autumn. The canopy is broad and rounded on an upright frame, and the fine leaflets cast light, dappled shade.
Plant it in full sun in almost any drained soil, including poor and sandy ground. It is fast, roughly 50 to 100 centimetres a year, frost hardy, and moderately drought tolerant once established. It suits cool temperate through to warm temperate districts. The timber is brittle, so avoid the windiest sites.
It is planted as a feature tree in suburban gardens, parks, streetscapes and civic landscapes, usually where the gold foliage is set against darker green. The open crown lets enough light through for underplanting with shade tolerant perennials. Quick canopy and strong seasonal colour from the one tree.
About Golden Robinia
Robinia pseudoacacia 'Frisia' is a deciduous tree selected from the North American black locust for foliage that emerges bright golden yellow and holds its colour through the warmer months. The pinnate leaves are fine textured and the canopy is broad and rounded, casting light dappled shade rather than heavy shade.
Expect 8 to 12 metres in height with a canopy 5 to 7 metres wide at maturity. The form is upright when young and broadens into a rounded crown with age. Allow room for that spread when siting it near a house, a fence line or a driveway.
It is quick, putting on roughly 50 to 100 centimetres a year in good conditions, which makes it useful when you want canopy in a hurry. The trade off is fairly brittle timber, so avoid the most wind exposed positions and prune young trees to build a strong branch structure.
Deciduous. The golden foliage colours up in spring, holds through summer, deepens in autumn and drops over winter, letting sun through to the house and garden in the cold months. Bare branches through winter are part of the appeal in a garden designed around seasonal change.
It can sucker from the roots, particularly where roots are damaged by cultivation or mowing, and seedlings of the species have become weedy in some districts. Keep it well clear of paving, pipes and small garden beds, and remove suckers as they appear. In lawn or open ground it is straightforward to manage.
Yes, comfortably. It comes from a cold winter climate and handles heavy frost without damage, which suits it to the tablelands and cooler inland areas as well as temperate coastal gardens. Being deciduous, it is dormant when the hardest frosts arrive. A late spring frost can nip new growth.
Plant in full sun in any reasonably drained soil, water through the first two summers, then it largely looks after itself. Prune in late winter while dormant to remove crossing or weak branches and keep a balanced crown. Remove root suckers promptly. Note that the bark and seeds are toxic if eaten.
Jacaranda mimosifolia, known as Jacaranda, is a deciduous tree grown for its purple-blue trumpet-shaped flowers and fine fern-like foliage. It reaches 10-15 metres tall and about as wide, with an open spreading canopy that gives both shade and a month of colour.
The flowers come in late spring to early summer, on bare or near bare branches, which is why a street of them reads as solid colour. It wants full sun and well-drained soil, and once established it handles dry spells without fuss.
This is a tree for space. Give it room away from paving, pools and services and let the canopy spread. In a large garden, a park or a wide street planting it carries the whole space on its own for those few weeks.
About Jacaranda mimosifolia
Jacaranda reaches 10-15 metres tall and 10-15 metres wide, with a broad spreading canopy and characteristic dome shape.
Jacarandas typically flower from late October through November, with peak bloom in early November across most Australian climates.
Jacaranda is moderately fast-growing, adding 60cm-1 metre per year once established in warm conditions.
Jacaranda thrives in warm temperate to subtropical regions including NSW, QLD, and WA. It tolerates light frost once established but should be protected in regions with regular heavy frosts.
Yes. Jacaranda is briefly deciduous, dropping its fern-like foliage in late winter before flowering. New leaves typically appear after the bloom finishes.
Jacaranda has moderate surface roots. Plant at least 5 metres from buildings, paving, pools, and septic lines to avoid issues.
Prune in late winter while the tree is bare, before the flower buds swell. Remove dead or crossing branches and lift the lower canopy to shape a clean trunk. Jacaranda flowers on new season growth, so keep cuts light. Hard pruning will cost you a season of bloom and can trigger upright watershoots that spoil the spreading form.
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Catalpa bignonioides, the Indian Bean Tree or Southern Catalpa, is a deciduous shade tree with very large heart shaped leaves and a broad rounded canopy. White bell flowers marked with purple and yellow appear in early summer, followed by the long slender seed pods that give the tree its common name.
It grows in full sun in most soils, including compacted urban ground, and puts on about 60 centimetres to 1 metre a year while young. Frost is no issue, since it survives heavy and frequent frost without damage. Cool temperate and warm temperate districts suit it, and it is drought tolerant once established.
It is used as a shade tree in parks, on wide verges, in avenue plantings and as a feature in larger gardens. The dense leaf cover throws deep shade in summer, then drops to let winter sun through. Councils plant it where a bold, fast establishing canopy is needed on a difficult site.
About Indian Bean Tree
In Australian conditions expect roughly 8 to 12 metres tall and 6 to 10 metres wide at maturity, forming a broad, rounded canopy on a short trunk. It reaches useful shade size quickly, adding about 60 centimetres to 1 metre a year early on before slowing. Allow generous room, as this is not a small garden tree.
Deciduous. It drops all its leaves through the colder months and leafs out late in spring, later than most deciduous trees. The long seed pods hang on through winter and become a feature of the bare tree. That late leaf flush is normal for the species and not a sign of a problem.
Early summer, generally November into December, once the canopy is fully out. The white bell shaped flowers are held in upright clusters and marked inside with purple spots and yellow stripes. Trees usually need several years in the ground before they flower well, and flowering is heaviest in an open, sunny position.
Full sun. The tree develops its best form, heaviest flowering and densest canopy in an open position with all day light. It tolerates part shade but grows more openly and flowers less. It also handles reflected heat, exhaust and compacted soil, which is why it turns up in streetscapes and car park islands.
It is widely used as one. It tolerates pollution, compacted soil and root restriction, establishes quickly and casts heavy shade. Two things to plan for: the large leaves and long pods create seasonal litter, and the broad canopy needs clearance from overhead lines. Given room and a decent planting pit, it performs reliably.
Yes, very. It survives heavy and frequent frost without damage and is at home in cold inland districts such as the tablelands, Canberra and central Victoria. Being deciduous, it is dormant and leafless through the coldest part of the year. Late spring frosts can burn early growth, and the tree reshoots without setback.
Water deeply through the first two or three summers, after which it manages on rainfall in most temperate districts. Mulch out to the dripline and keep grass off the root zone while it is young. Prune in winter to lift the canopy and remove crossing limbs. Rake up leaves and pods where litter matters.
