Deciduous · Full Sun / Part Shade
Mature size: 20m–30m high × 15m–20m wide
Most loved for its broad, triangular leaves that shimmer in the wind, extremely fast growth, and value as a large shade and shelter tree.
Approximate only. Minimum height important? Confirm with us.
Height guide & disclaimer
Height guide disclaimer: Height ranges are approximate only. As living products, plant heights naturally vary between individual plants, batches, and seasons. No guarantee is given that supplied plants will fall within the stated range. If minimum heights are required, you must confirm current batch heights with Evergreen Trees Direct prior to purchase. Variation in height is normal and is not grounds for return, refund, replacement, or compensation.
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| Pot / bag size | Width | Depth |
|---|---|---|
| 30cm Pot | 33cm | 30cm |
| 40cm/45L Pot | 44cm | 41.5cm |
| 50cm Pot / 70L Pot | 55cm | 41.8cm |
| 100L Bag | 50.6cm | 52.8cm |
| 150L Bag | 66cm | 55cm |
| 200L Bag | 71.5cm | 60.5cm |
| 300L Bag | 88cm | 63.8cm |
| 400L Bag | 99cm | 66cm |
| 500L Bag | 122cm | 66cm |
| 750L Bag | 134cm | 69cm |
| 1000L Bag | 146.3cm | 71.5cm |
| 2000L Bag | 176cm | 82.5cm |
General planting reference from our existing size guide. Actual containers can vary by supplier and batch; confirm exact dimensions if required.
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Enter the length of your boundary, then choose how closely you want to plant.
Enter your boundary length to see how many trees you need.
Measure only the boundary you intend to plant—exclude gates and gaps. Spacing is centre to centre. Quantities are rounded up for one row, allowing roughly half the spacing at each end. Site conditions and pruning affect the final hedge.
Populus deltoides, the Eastern Cottonwood, is a very large deciduous tree from North America with a broad spreading crown and a heavy pale trunk. The bright green triangular leaves are 10 to 20 centimetres across and rustle in the slightest breeze, turning clear yellow before falling in autumn.
It grows extremely fast, at 1 to 1.5 metres a year, in full sun and almost any soil, including wet and periodically flooded ground. It is frost hardy, tolerates air pollution and copes with dry spells once established, which suits it to temperate and inland climates across southern Australia.
Mature trees reach up to 25 metres tall and 15 to 20 metres wide, so this is a tree for acreage, dam surrounds, farm windbreaks and large open parkland. Space specimens 3 to 4 metres apart in a windbreak row. Nothing else gives usable shade and shelter on a big site this quickly.
About Eastern Cottonwood
Eastern Cottonwood is a fast growing deciduous poplar native to North America, planted in Australia for quick shade, shelter and screening on large properties. It has a broad spreading crown, triangular leaves that flutter in the wind, and greenish catkins in early spring before the new leaves appear.
It grows to 25 metres tall with a spread of 15 to 20 metres, making it one of the larger deciduous trees planted in Australia. It reaches a substantial size within a decade or two rather than over a lifetime, so allow for the full dimensions from the day you plant it.
Growth of 1 to 1.5 metres a year is normal on good soil with water available, and it is among the fastest large trees you can plant. That speed comes with soft brittle timber, so shelter from severe wind and formative pruning in the early years both pay off later.
Yes. The root system is vigorous, wide spreading and drawn to moisture, and it will invade drains, septic systems and irrigation lines and lift paving. Suckering from the roots is also common. Keep it at least 15 metres from buildings, services and pipework, and do not plant it in small gardens.
Yes. It drops all its leaves through autumn and stands bare through winter, then leafs out quickly in spring. That cycle makes it useful on the northern side of a house or over a yard, where summer shade is wanted and winter sun is not. Expect a substantial leaf fall to clean up.
Yes, better than almost any other large shade tree. It grows naturally on river flats and floodplains and handles seasonally waterlogged ground, dam edges and heavy soils that would kill most trees. It also copes with dry periods once established, though growth slows noticeably without summer moisture.
Water well through the first two summers to get the roots down. Prune in winter to a single leader and remove dead or damaged wood each year, since the timber is brittle and sheds limbs. Keep suckers cut off at the base. Beyond that it needs very little attention on a large site.
| Mature height | 20m to 30m (approx.) |
|---|---|
| Mature width | 15m to 20m |
| Position | Full Sun / Part Shade |
| Growth per year | 1m to 1.5m per year (approx.) |
| Frost | Frost Hardy |
| Foliage | Deciduous (Defoliates throughout colder months) |
| Form | Spreading · Broad |
| Uses | Shade Tree · Rural Property Planting · Windbreak |
Deciduous (Defoliates throughout colder months)
Populus deltoides is expected to grow 1m to 1.5m per year (approx.).
Populus deltoides works in an:
Populus deltoides is an Deciduous (Defoliates throughout colder months) Tree
Mature Height: 20m to 30m (approx.)
Mature Width: 15m to 20m
Populus deltoides is expected to grow 1m to 1.5m per year (approx.).
Populus deltoides is expected to grow 1m to 1.5m per year (approx.).
They are considered to have a:
Is Populus deltoides frost tolerant?
Populus deltoides is Frost Hardy – Survives heavy and frequent frost without damage.
Populus deltoides produces long, pendent catkins in early spring, with males displaying yellow pollen-bearing tassels and females producing greenish seed catkins. Though not ornamental, the fluffy cotton-like seeds released later in the season are a distinctive natural feature.
Does Populus deltoides flower?
Flowering Period:
Flower Type:
Flower Colour:
White
No
Populus deltoides is Native to North America, where it grows naturally along rivers, floodplains, and moist lowlands from Canada through the United States to Mexico.
Its catkins provide early-season pollen for bees, while the seeds are eaten by small birds. The broad, fast-growing canopy offers excellent shade, shelter and nesting habitat for a variety of bird species, and the rough trunk and fallen leaf litter support insects and microfauna in riparian and large landscape plantings.
Populus deltoides will thrive best in:
Populus deltoides performs best in moist, well-drained loam or sandy loam soils and prefers slightly acidic to neutral conditions. It thrives in deep, fertile ground but may struggle in compacted, alkaline or very dry soils unless improved with organic matter to enhance moisture retention and structure. Keep soil evenly moist during establishment, then maintain deep, occasional watering as the tree matures to support vigorous growth, strong root development and a full, healthy canopy.
Is Populus deltoides Drought tolerant?
As a young tree it requires regular watering, and once established Eastern Cottonwood offers moderate drought tolerance. It grows rapidly in moist, well-drained soils, but can withstand short dry periods when supported with deep, occasional watering. Consistent moisture encourages stronger growth and fuller canopy development.
Enquire for current heights
Enquire for current heights
Enquire for current heights
Heights are approximate and vary between individual trees.
We take pride in supplying A+ grade advanced trees. When stock at our farm is not yet ready, we work with our trusted trade suppliers to source the best available trees for your garden.
Enriched Planting Mix is a certified organic blend of Pure Magic Compost, composted animal manure, gypsum, composted coarse bark and a wetting agent, bagged in 30L. It is built to be dug through existing garden soil at planting time rather than used on its own, and the gypsum is what sets it apart from a plain compost.
Gypsum helps break up heavy clay so water and roots can move through it, while the compost and manure return organic matter and nutrient to tired ground. The coarse bark holds structure and keeps air around the root zone, and the wetting agent keeps moisture in the soil longer after rain or watering.
Use it when planting trees, shrubs, roses, fruit trees and exotic garden plants, particularly into clay. Dig a hole twice the width of the pot and 7 centimetres deeper, then mix roughly one third planting mix through the excavated soil. Spread 7 centimetres of that improved soil in the base before setting the plant in.
About Enriched Planting Mix
It is a blend of Pure Magic Compost, composted animal manure, gypsum, composted coarse bark and a wetting agent. Each part has a job. The compost and manure supply organic matter and nutrient, the gypsum works on clay structure, the bark keeps air around the roots and the wetting agent holds moisture in the soil.
It suits exotic garden plants, including roses, ornamental and deciduous trees, fruit trees, shrubs and perennials, and it earns its keep most on heavy clay sites. It is a planting mix rather than a potting mix, so its job is improving soil at planting time. Phosphorus sensitive natives are the one clear exception.
No, not for the phosphorus sensitive ones. The composted animal manure in this blend lifts phosphorus well above what Proteaceae such as Banksia, Grevillea, Hakea and Protea will tolerate, and the result can be leaf burn, dieback and plant death. Use the Native Potting Mix for those species, or plant them into unimproved local soil.
Yes. It is a certified organic product with no chemical additives, which is why the manure and compost in it are fully composted rather than raw. That makes it sound around fruit trees and vegetable beds, and it means you are adding genuine organic matter to your soil rather than a synthetic conditioner.
Work on roughly one third planting mix to two thirds of the soil you dug out of the hole. For a shrub out of a 200 millimetre pot that is only a few litres. An advanced tree going into a large hole will take considerably more. Judge the quantity by the volume of the hole rather than the size of the plant.
It is not a potting mix and should not be used on its own in a container. The blend is designed to be diluted through garden soil, and used straight in a pot it holds too much water and settles badly. For containers, reach for a premium potting mix, or the native mix if you are potting natives.
Yes. Water the plant well several hours before you plant it, then water thoroughly again once the hole is backfilled and the soil firmed down. That first deep watering settles the improved soil around the root ball and drives out air pockets. Keep the water up over the first few months while the roots establish.
Enriched Planting Mix is a certified organic blend of Pure Magic Compost, composted animal manure, gypsum, composted coarse bark and a wetting agent, bagged in 30L. It is built to be dug through existing garden soil at planting time rather than used on its own, and the gypsum is what sets it apart from a plain compost.
Gypsum helps break up heavy clay so water and roots can move through it, while the compost and manure return organic matter and nutrient to tired ground. The coarse bark holds structure and keeps air around the root zone, and the wetting agent keeps moisture in the soil longer after rain or watering.
Use it when planting trees, shrubs, roses, fruit trees and exotic garden plants, particularly into clay. Dig a hole twice the width of the pot and 7 centimetres deeper, then mix roughly one third planting mix through the excavated soil. Spread 7 centimetres of that improved soil in the base before setting the plant in.
About Enriched Planting Mix
It is a blend of Pure Magic Compost, composted animal manure, gypsum, composted coarse bark and a wetting agent. Each part has a job. The compost and manure supply organic matter and nutrient, the gypsum works on clay structure, the bark keeps air around the roots and the wetting agent holds moisture in the soil.
It suits exotic garden plants, including roses, ornamental and deciduous trees, fruit trees, shrubs and perennials, and it earns its keep most on heavy clay sites. It is a planting mix rather than a potting mix, so its job is improving soil at planting time. Phosphorus sensitive natives are the one clear exception.
No, not for the phosphorus sensitive ones. The composted animal manure in this blend lifts phosphorus well above what Proteaceae such as Banksia, Grevillea, Hakea and Protea will tolerate, and the result can be leaf burn, dieback and plant death. Use the Native Potting Mix for those species, or plant them into unimproved local soil.
Yes. It is a certified organic product with no chemical additives, which is why the manure and compost in it are fully composted rather than raw. That makes it sound around fruit trees and vegetable beds, and it means you are adding genuine organic matter to your soil rather than a synthetic conditioner.
Work on roughly one third planting mix to two thirds of the soil you dug out of the hole. For a shrub out of a 200 millimetre pot that is only a few litres. An advanced tree going into a large hole will take considerably more. Judge the quantity by the volume of the hole rather than the size of the plant.
It is not a potting mix and should not be used on its own in a container. The blend is designed to be diluted through garden soil, and used straight in a pot it holds too much water and settles badly. For containers, reach for a premium potting mix, or the native mix if you are potting natives.
Yes. Water the plant well several hours before you plant it, then water thoroughly again once the hole is backfilled and the soil firmed down. That first deep watering settles the improved soil around the root ball and drives out air pockets. Keep the water up over the first few months while the roots establish.
Liquidambar styraciflua, the Sweetgum, is one of the most spectacular autumn-colour trees available for Australian gardens. The glossy star-shaped foliage holds rich green through summer, then transitions to a brilliant blend of yellow, orange, red and deep burgundy in autumn, often holding colour for several weeks.
Sweetgum grows to 12-20 metres tall and 8-12 metres wide with an upright pyramidal form that broadens with age. The straight trunk, strong branching, and dependable colour make it an excellent shade tree and feature specimen for medium to large gardens, parks, and avenue plantings.
Sweetgum performs best in cool to temperate regions including VIC, NSW, ACT, Tasmania, and elevated parts of SA and WA, where cool autumns produce the strongest colour. It tolerates frost and moderate drought once established. Keep it clear of paving, as the spiky seed pods drop in autumn.
About Liquidambar styraciflua Sweetgum
Liquidambar styraciflua grows to 12-20 metres tall and 8-12 metres wide with an upright pyramidal form that broadens with age.
Sweetgum is moderately fast-growing, adding 60cm to 1 metre per year once established.
Glossy green star-shaped foliage transitions to a spectacular blend of yellow, orange, red and deep burgundy in autumn (April to June across southern Australia), often holding colour for several weeks.
Yes. Sweetgum is fully deciduous, dropping its colourful autumn foliage in winter to reveal a sculptural branching structure.
Sweetgum suits medium to large gardens, parks, and street planting due to its mature size. Allow room for the canopy and keep it clear of paving, as the spiky seed pods drop in autumn.
Sweetgum performs best in cool to temperate regions including VIC, NSW, ACT, Tasmania, and elevated parts of SA and WA, where cool autumns produce the strongest colour.
Plant 5-8 metres apart for a full canopy avenue, or 4 metres for a denser shade screen.
Camellia sasanqua 'Setsugekka' is a tall evergreen shrub with large, single to semi double white flowers, the petals slightly ruffled around a centre of golden stamens. Bloom runs from late autumn into early winter. Foliage is small, glossy and dark green, carried densely on an upright, gently spreading frame.
It takes more sun than a japonica and will hold full sun in cooler districts, though part shade suits inland heat. Soil should be well drained and slightly acidic. Growth is 40 to 60 centimetres a year, to 2 to 4 metres tall and 1.5 to 2.5 metres wide. Light frost is tolerated.
This is the standard choice for a tall evergreen screen along a boundary or between neighbouring houses, and it clips readily into a formal hedge. It also stands alone as a feature, or fills a large pot at an entry. The height and density make it useful wherever fence line privacy is the brief.
About Camellia sasanqua 'Setsugekka'
'Setsugekka' is a tall evergreen sasanqua camellia with large single to semi double white flowers, the petals slightly ruffled around a boss of golden stamens. It flowers from late autumn into early winter. Small glossy dark leaves are held densely on an upright, gently spreading shrub used widely for screening.
It reaches 2 to 4 metres tall and 1.5 to 2.5 metres wide, at a rate of roughly 40 to 60 centimetres a year. That upper height is what makes it a genuine screening plant rather than a border shrub. Regular trimming will hold it at any height above about 1.5 metres.
Space plants 1 to 1.5 metres apart for a dense informal screen, or 80 centimetres apart for a tighter formal hedge. Tighter spacing closes the gaps faster but increases competition for water and nutrients, so prepare a continuous trench rather than individual holes and keep irrigation even along the run.
Flowering starts in late autumn and carries into early winter, roughly April through to June across most of southern Australia. Sasanquas flower ahead of japonicas, so this one fills the gap before the japonica season begins. Individual flowers drop cleanly from the plant rather than browning on the bush.
It takes more sun than a japonica and will hold full sun in cooler and coastal districts. In hot inland gardens give it afternoon shade to protect the foliage. It also flowers acceptably in part shade, which makes it one of the more flexible screening plants for a boundary with mixed aspect.
Yes. A pot 40 to 50 centimetres wide suits a single specimen for a courtyard, entry or balcony. Use a free draining camellia and azalea mix, water regularly because containers dry out fast, and feed after flowering. Expect a smaller final size in a container than the same plant would reach in open ground.
Trim once flowering finishes in early winter, taking the new growth back to shape. For a formal hedge, a second light trim in late summer keeps the face tidy. Feed with a camellia fertiliser after pruning, keep mulch over the shallow roots, and water deeply through summer dry spells.
Buxus sempervirens English Box Topiary Balls are pre-clipped formal evergreen specimens, available in three mature sizes and ready to place. The tight, fine, dark green foliage holds a precise rounded form year-round and gives the classic formal topiary look that no other Buxus replicates. As one of our most consistently strong-selling products, our English Box topiary balls are well-shaped, well-rooted, and arrive in proportion to the pot size.
English Box performs best in cool to temperate climates and is slow growing at around 15 to 25 cm per year in good conditions, which is exactly why it holds sharp formal shapes so well. It thrives in full sun to part shade with well-drained, slightly acidic to neutral loamy soil, and is frost hardy, drought tolerant once established, and excellent in containers. Two light clips per year, in spring and again in late summer, keep the ball form crisp.
Use them flanking entrances, lining formal pathways, anchoring symmetrical garden beds, defining parterre and knot gardens, and in pairs in classic urns and decorative pots at front doors. Buxus sempervirens is the original topiary plant and remains the benchmark for traditional and contemporary formal design, with a level of finesse and density that fast-growing alternatives cannot replicate.
About Buxus sempervirens English Box Topiary Balls
Our English Box topiary balls arrive pre-clipped and ready to place at the size you order. The 30cm/33cm pots have ball diameters of approximately 30 to 45 cm, the 40cm/45L pots have ball diameters of 40 to 55 cm, and the 50cm/75L pots have ball diameters of 50 to 70 cm. They are well-rooted and in proportion to the pot.
English Box is slow-growing, adding approximately 15 to 25 cm per year once established in good conditions. This slow growth rate is one of the reasons it holds sharp formal shapes so well, and why mature pre-clipped specimens command a premium over seedling-grown stock.
English Box (Buxus sempervirens) has the smallest, finest leaves and the tightest formal texture, ideal for traditional parterres and clipped balls. Japanese Box (Buxus microphylla japonica) has slightly larger leaves, grows faster, and handles heat better. Shaggy Box (Buxus bodinieri) has soft, rounded leaves, much better blight resistance, and is the best choice for humid subtropical climates where English Box can struggle.
English Box performs best in cool to temperate regions including Victoria, the ACT, the NSW Southern Highlands and Central Tablelands, Tasmania, and the elevated parts of South Australia and Western Australia. In humid coastal or hot subtropical regions, consider Buxus bodinieri Shaggy Box or Japanese Box instead for better long-term performance.
Lightly clip in spring and again in late summer or early autumn to maintain the ball shape. Avoid pruning in the heat of summer or during frost periods. Use sharp shears for the cleanest formal finish, and step back regularly to check the symmetry of the form.
Yes. English Box is the classic potted topiary plant and pre-clipped balls look particularly striking in pairs at entrances and on terraces. Use a minimum 30L pot for the 30cm/33cm size and scale up from there, with a quality potting mix and a slow-release fertiliser applied twice yearly.
English Box can be affected by box blight, particularly in humid conditions where foliage stays wet. To reduce risk, ensure good air circulation around each plant, avoid overhead watering, and prune to maintain airflow through the canopy. In high-humidity regions, Buxus bodinieri Shaggy Box is a more disease-resistant alternative.
Ligularia reniformis carries enormous glossy kidney-shaped leaves that give a shaded garden the bold tropical texture usually only available in full sun. The Tractor Seat Plant is grown for foliage first, with tall stems of bright yellow daisy flowers through summer as a bonus.
Ligularia reniformis forms a clump 0.6 to 1 metre tall and 1 to 1.5 metres wide, spreading slowly at 10 to 20 centimetres per year. That steady habit makes it reliable as a mass underplanting beneath established trees, an edging along a shaded path, or a single specimen in a large pot.
This is a full shade plant. It wants consistent moisture and protection from hot afternoon sun, which scorches the leaves, and it is frost sensitive, so in cold districts it needs a protected position. Given shade and water it is close to maintenance free.
About Ligularia reniformis
It forms a clump 0.6 to 1 metre tall and 1 to 1.5 metres wide. The individual leaves can reach 40 centimetres across, which is where the bold texture comes from.
The common name comes from the large round kidney-shaped leaves, which resemble the seat of an old tractor. The botanical name reniformis means kidney-shaped.
Yes. It performs best in full shade and will scorch in hot afternoon sun. It is one of the most useful foliage plants available for genuinely dark positions.
Tall stems of bright yellow daisy-like flowers rise well above the foliage through summer. The foliage remains the main feature for the rest of the year.
No. It is frost sensitive and may be damaged by frost. In cold districts plant it in a protected position, or grow it in a pot that can be moved under cover.
It wants consistently moist soil and does not tolerate drying out. Mulch well and water regularly through summer, particularly in pots and under established trees where roots compete.
Plant 0.8 to 1 metre apart for a continuous shaded groundcover mass. Closer spacing fills in faster but the clumps will crowd within a few seasons.
Rhaphiolepis indica 'Snow Maiden' is a compact evergreen shrub that delivers a fresh burst of fragrant pure white flowers from late winter into spring. The dense mounding habit and glossy dark green foliage give it a lush, polished year-round appearance.
Snow Maiden grows to just 1-1.5 metres tall and wide, holding a naturally tidy rounded form with minimal pruning. The compact size makes it an excellent choice for low clipped hedges, borders, mass plantings, and containers, and it works well as a standout specimen in mixed plantings. Small dark berries follow the flowers.
Snow Maiden performs well in full sun to part shade and is drought hardy once established, thriving in coastal gardens and a wide range of well-drained soils. It is salt tolerant, low maintenance, and needs only moderate water while establishing.
About Rhaphiolepis indica 'Snow Maiden'
Rhaphiolepis indica 'Snow Maiden' grows to 1-1.5 metres tall and wide, forming a naturally compact dense mound.
Snow Maiden has a moderate growth rate of 20-40cm per year once established.
Snow Maiden produces masses of pure white flowers from late winter into spring, followed by small dark berries.
Yes. Snow Maiden is one of the best compact evergreen shrubs for low hedges, borders, and mass plantings, holding a tidy rounded form with minimal pruning.
Yes. Snow Maiden is both drought tolerant and salt tolerant once established, making it well suited to coastal gardens and low-water landscapes.
Plant 50-70cm apart for a continuous low hedge, or 80cm-1 metre for a softer informal border.
Snow Maiden thrives across most Australian climates in full sun to part shade, tolerating heat, coastal exposure, and a wide range of well-drained soils.
Pittosporum tenuifolium 'Silver Sheen' carries small shimmering silver-green leaves on near-black stems, giving a light airy screen that moves in the wind rather than reading as a solid green wall. It is one of the most widely specified screening plants in Australian landscape design for exactly that reason.
'Silver Sheen' grows to 4 to 6 metres tall but only 1.5 to 2 metres wide at 30 to 60 centimetres per year, which makes it a genuine solution for narrow beds along fence lines and between buildings where height is needed but width is not available. Small cream flowers appear in spring and are lightly fragrant.
'Silver Sheen' grows in full sun to part shade and tolerates light to moderate frost once established, performing from subtropical Queensland through Sydney, Melbourne, Gippsland and Adelaide. It clips well, holds density under regular trimming, and is equally effective as a formal hedge or a loose screen.
About Pittosporum tenuifolium 'Silver Sheen'
'Silver Sheen' grows to 4 to 6 metres tall and only 1.5 to 2 metres wide, which makes it one of the best options for narrow screening where a tall hedge is needed in a shallow bed.
It grows at 30 to 60 centimetres per year once established, reaching a usable screening height within three to four years with regular water and feeding.
It naturally holds to 1.5 to 2 metres wide and can be trimmed to under a metre with regular clipping, which is why it is so often used in tight side-boundary positions.
Plant 1 to 1.5 metres apart for a dense informal screen, or 80 centimetres apart for a tighter formal hedge. Closer spacing fills in faster but needs more trimming.
'Silver Sheen' handles light to moderate frost once established. Young plants benefit from protection through their first winter in colder inland districts.
Yes. It performs in full sun through to part shade. In shadier positions growth is slightly more open, which suits a softer informal screen.
It performs from subtropical Queensland through Northern NSW, Sydney, the South Coast and tablelands, Melbourne and surrounds, the Western District, Gippsland and Adelaide.
Trachelospermum jasminoides 'Balls' is Star Jasmine grown and clipped into a dense evergreen sphere. The small glossy leaves sit tight on a woody framework, holding a clean rounded outline year round. White pinwheel flowers open in spring and carry a strong sweet scent right across a courtyard.
Ball specimens hold at about 1 to 1.5 metres tall and wide with light clipping. Full sun to part shade suits them, in any free draining soil. Growth is slow to moderate at 30 to 50 centimetres a year. They handle coastal exposure, light frost and dry spells once the roots are down.
Repeat them along a driveway, either side of an entry, or in pots on a terrace where a formal shape is wanted straight away. They read as structure in a planting scheme without the height of a hedge, and because the form is already trained, a new garden looks settled from the day it goes in.
About Star Jasmine Balls
They are Trachelospermum jasminoides, the common Star Jasmine, grown and clipped into a dense evergreen sphere on a woody framework. Instead of climbing, the plant is trained into a self supporting rounded shape. The foliage is small, glossy and dark green, and the plant carries scented white flowers through spring.
They hold at roughly 1 to 1.5 metres tall and 1 to 1.5 metres wide. Growth is slow to moderate at 30 to 50 centimetres a year, so a light clip once or twice a year keeps the ball tight at whatever size within that range suits the setting.
Full sun to part shade both work. Full sun gives the densest foliage and the heaviest flowering, while part shade produces slightly softer, more open growth and fewer flowers. Avoid deep shade, where the ball thins out and loses its outline. Morning sun with afternoon protection suits hot inland gardens.
Yes, and pots are one of the main uses. A container 50 to 60 centimetres wide with a quality free draining mix will hold a ball for years. Water more often than you would in the ground, especially in summer, and feed in spring and again in late summer. Refresh the mix every few years.
Yes, the foliage is held year round. The glossy dark green leaves take on a bronze tinge in cold weather and green up again in spring, but the plant never goes bare. That is what makes it useful as permanent structure in a scheme, particularly in winter once perennials have died back.
Flowering runs through spring, roughly September to November, and often carries into early summer in warmer districts. The white pinwheel flowers are small but produced in quantity, and the scent is strong on still evenings. Flowering is heaviest on plants in full sun that were not clipped hard just before bud set.
Clip lightly with hedging shears once after flowering and again in late summer if needed, taking only the new growth to keep the outline crisp. Water deeply in dry weather, mulch the base, and feed in early spring. The sap is milky and can irritate skin, so wear gloves when trimming.
Populus euramericana x nigra 'Crows Nest' is a deciduous fastigiate poplar, narrow and strictly upright, with branches held close to the trunk. Glossy triangular mid green leaves sit on distinctive purple leaf stalks and rustle constantly. Autumn colour is a soft dull yellow, and the winter silhouette is a clean vertical column.
Full sun and most reasonably drained soils will do, from sandy loams to heavier clays. It suits cool temperate, temperate and inland climates, takes frost and wind in its stride, and becomes moderately drought tolerant once settled. Growth is quick at roughly one to 1.5 metres a year, so shelter arrives fast.
Its narrow shape earns its keep in tall screens, windbreaks, formal avenues and driveway plantings where ground space is limited but height is wanted. It is widely used as a substitute for Lombardy Poplar because the outline is similar and the plants are cleaner. A reliable choice where vertical impact matters more than canopy.
About Crows Nest Poplar
Crows Nest Poplar is a fastigiate hybrid poplar, a cross involving Populus euramericana and Populus nigra, grown for its very narrow, strongly upright habit. Glossy triangular leaves on purple stalks give the canopy a fine texture, and the whole tree reads as a tall green column. Spring catkins are small and easily missed.
It reaches around 18 metres in height with a slim spread of about five metres. That narrow footprint is the point of the tree, letting you place real height along a fence line, driveway or boundary without the canopy pushing out over neighbouring space or hard surfaces.
Roughly one to 1.5 metres a year in good conditions, which is quick by any standard. A screen planted at a decent size will be doing useful work within two or three seasons. Growth is fastest with full sun and consistent moisture through the first summers, then eases as the tree matures.
It is commonly specified for exactly that reason. The outline is similar, tall and tightly columnar, but the tree tends to hold a neater, more compact form. Landscapers use it where the Lombardy look is wanted along an avenue or boundary, in a plant with a cleaner habit and consistent nursery grown form.
For avenue planting, three metres apart gives a uniform, soft textured line. As individual feature trees, allow three to four metres so each plant develops its full form. Closer spacing than three metres is sometimes used for a solid screen, though the columns will merge into a single mass rather than reading as separate trees.
Frost is not an issue. It is a cold hardy deciduous tree that sheds its leaves well before the worst of winter, and it performs strongly in cool inland and tableland districts. Drought tolerance is moderate once the tree is established, but young plants need reliable water through their first two summers.
Water regularly during establishment and mulch the root zone. Pruning is rarely needed because the form holds itself, though you can lift lower branches for clearance and remove damaged wood in late winter. Keep the tree away from pipes, paving and footings, since poplar roots are vigorous and seek out moisture.
Populus x euramericana 'Veronese' is a deciduous hybrid poplar grown for its tall, broadly pyramidal frame and glossy deep green foliage. Straight ascending branches build a commanding crown on a clean trunk, and the leaves move with the slightest breeze. Autumn brings a strong clear yellow before the tree drops into winter.
It wants full sun and accepts a wide range of soils, including heavier ground, as long as drainage is reasonable. Cool temperate, temperate and inland regions suit it, and it handles frost without fuss. Expect one to 1.5 metres of growth a year, and keep the water up through establishment before it becomes moderately drought tolerant.
At 20 to 30 metres tall and 10 to 15 metres across, this is a tree for parks, streetscapes, shelterbelts, rural blocks and large gardens rather than tight suburban courtyards. Councils and developers plant it where shade and shelter are needed within a few seasons rather than a few decades.
About Veronese Poplar
Veronese Poplar is a selected form of Populus x euramericana, the hybrid between the European black poplar and the American cottonwood. It is a fast growing deciduous shade tree with a tall pyramidal crown, glossy dark green leaves and reliable yellow autumn colour. Spring catkins are small and pass largely unnoticed.
Mature height is 20 to 30 metres with a spread of 10 to 15 metres. That is a large tree by any measure, so it needs open ground well away from buildings, boundaries and services. On deeper soils with reliable moisture it will reach the upper figures; on drier or shallower sites it settles lower.
Around one to 1.5 metres a year once established, which puts a useful canopy over a site within a few seasons. Growth is quickest on moist, fertile ground in full sun. Because the wood is laid down quickly, formative pruning in the early years pays off in a stronger branch structure later.
It is deciduous. The tree defoliates through the colder months, holding bare upright branches over winter, then flushes fresh glossy green in spring. That cycle is useful in a shelterbelt or streetscape where you want shade in summer and winter sun reaching the ground below.
Full sun. It will tolerate light dappled shade in its early years but the form loosens and growth slows noticeably. An open position also keeps air moving through the canopy, which helps with leaf health. It is a hardy tree in urban settings and copes with reflected heat and wind.
For avenue planting, space them three metres apart for a uniform, soft textured line. Used as individual feature trees, allow three to four metres so the canopy and form can develop properly. For a screening row or windbreak, plant five to six metres apart.
Water regularly through the first two growing seasons, then reduce as the roots go down. Mulch widely and keep grass off the root zone while the tree is young. Prune in late winter to remove damaged or crossing limbs and to keep a single leader. Established trees need little beyond an occasional check for deadwood.
Populus yunnanensis, the Chinese Poplar, is a deciduous tree with an upright trunk and a broad, rounded canopy. Large glossy green leaves give it a substantial, leafy presence through the warm months, then turn bright golden yellow in autumn. The strong central trunk and even branching create a balanced, architectural shape.
Give it full sun and it will accept most soil types, from sandy loam to clay, provided water does not sit around the roots. It suits cool temperate, temperate and inland climates, tolerates frost, and handles moderate dry periods once established. Growth is about one to 1.5 metres a year.
At 15 to 25 metres tall and eight to 12 metres wide, it is planted for shade, shelterbelts, avenues and rural property boundaries. Farms, acreage blocks and large commercial sites are its natural home. For anyone who needs canopy and wind protection over open ground within a few seasons, it does the job quickly.
About Chinese Poplar
Populus yunnanensis, known as Chinese Poplar, is a fast growing deciduous tree from south west China. It forms a straight trunk with a broad rounded crown of large glossy green leaves that turn golden yellow before falling. It is grown here mainly as a shade tree, windbreak and avenue tree on larger properties.
Mature height is 15 to 25 metres with a spread of eight to 12 metres. It is a big tree with a genuinely broad canopy, so give it room away from buildings, fences and services. On deep moist soils it reaches the upper end of that range; drier sites will hold it lower.
About one to 1.5 metres a year once it settles in, making it one of the quicker options for shade or shelter on open ground. Growth is strongest in full sun with reliable moisture during the first two summers. The rate eases as the tree matures and puts more energy into trunk and branch structure.
It performs best in cool temperate, temperate and inland districts, including the tablelands of New South Wales, most of Victoria, the Adelaide Hills, southern Western Australia and Tasmania. It also does well in irrigated inland areas. Humid tropical and coastal subtropical zones are less suitable, since the tree prefers a distinct cold season.
Yes on both counts, within limits. It is fully frost hardy and drops its foliage before winter, so cold weather causes no damage. Drought tolerance is moderate once the roots are down, though the tree performs far better with occasional deep watering through long dry summers than it does left entirely to rainfall.
For avenue planting, space them three metres apart to get an even, soft textured line. Used as individual feature trees, allow three to four metres so the full canopy can develop. For a shelterbelt on rural ground, planting toward the closer end of that range gives a denser barrier sooner.
Water deeply and regularly through the first two growing seasons and mulch out to the drip line. Prune only lightly, taking out damaged limbs and shaping for a single leader while the tree is young, ideally in late winter. Watch for suckers around the base and remove them early. Otherwise it asks very little.
Quercus acutissima, the Sawtooth Oak, is a deciduous oak with narrow, bristle toothed leaves that look more like a sweet chestnut than a classic oak. The canopy starts pyramidal and broadens into a heavy rounded crown. Foliage turns clear golden yellow in autumn, and mature trees carry acorns in shaggy fringed cups.
It takes full sun, tolerates light shade and grows on clay or loam without fuss, provided the site is not waterlogged. Growth is moderate at 40 to 70 centimetres a year, reaching 10 to 15 metres tall with a broad 15 to 20 metre spread. Frost hardy, and drought tolerant once settled.
This is a tree for parks, school grounds, large rural gardens and biodiversity corridors, anywhere there is room for a wide crown and a genuine pool of summer shade. Heavy acorn crops feed native birds and stock. Given the space it needs, it delivers shade and habitat with almost no upkeep.
About Sawtooth Oak
Quercus acutissima is a deciduous oak from east Asia, named for the bristle tipped teeth along its narrow leaves. The foliage looks closer to a sweet chestnut than a European oak. It forms a broad rounded shade canopy, colours golden yellow in autumn and bears distinctive acorns in fringed, mossy looking cups.
Mature trees reach about 10 to 15 metres tall with a broad spread of 15 to 20 metres, so width is the figure that governs where it can go. Young trees are narrow and pyramidal and only widen out after a decade or two. Plan the position around the mature crown, not the nursery tree.
Moderate, around 40 to 70 centimetres a year, which is quick for an oak. Establishment is helped considerably by deep watering through the first two summers. Growth slows as the crown broadens, and useful shade is generally available within about eight to ten years of planting an advanced specimen.
It is deciduous. Leaves turn clear golden yellow through autumn, roughly April to May, then brown and fall, and some dry leaves may hang on into early winter on younger trees. New growth flushes in spring alongside inconspicuous yellow catkins. Bare winter branches let sun reach whatever is planted beneath.
Yes, and often heavily once trees reach about ten years old. The acorns are large and sit in a shaggy fringed cup, and they feed cockatoos, parrots and livestock. Drop is worth thinking about over paths, pools and parked cars, which is one reason the tree suits parks and open ground.
It performs across temperate, cool temperate and warm temperate districts, taking in most of Victoria, Tasmania, the ACT, inland New South Wales, the Adelaide Hills and the south west of Western Australia. It tolerates heat and dry spells once established but colours best where autumn nights are cool. Tropical areas are unsuitable.
Water deeply once a week through the first two summers, then taper off as the roots reach down. Mulch a wide ring around the trunk and keep grass off it. Formative pruning in the first few winters sets a single strong leader and lifts the lower limbs for clearance. Mature trees need almost nothing.
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Populus deltoides, the Eastern Cottonwood, is a very large deciduous tree from North America with a broad spreading crown and a heavy pale trunk. The bright green triangular leaves are 10 to 20 centimetres across and rustle in the slightest breeze, turning clear yellow before falling in autumn.
It grows extremely fast, at 1 to 1.5 metres a year, in full sun and almost any soil, including wet and periodically flooded ground. It is frost hardy, tolerates air pollution and copes with dry spells once established, which suits it to temperate and inland climates across southern Australia.
Mature trees reach up to 25 metres tall and 15 to 20 metres wide, so this is a tree for acreage, dam surrounds, farm windbreaks and large open parkland. Space specimens 3 to 4 metres apart in a windbreak row. Nothing else gives usable shade and shelter on a big site this quickly.
About Eastern Cottonwood
Eastern Cottonwood is a fast growing deciduous poplar native to North America, planted in Australia for quick shade, shelter and screening on large properties. It has a broad spreading crown, triangular leaves that flutter in the wind, and greenish catkins in early spring before the new leaves appear.
It grows to 25 metres tall with a spread of 15 to 20 metres, making it one of the larger deciduous trees planted in Australia. It reaches a substantial size within a decade or two rather than over a lifetime, so allow for the full dimensions from the day you plant it.
Growth of 1 to 1.5 metres a year is normal on good soil with water available, and it is among the fastest large trees you can plant. That speed comes with soft brittle timber, so shelter from severe wind and formative pruning in the early years both pay off later.
Yes. The root system is vigorous, wide spreading and drawn to moisture, and it will invade drains, septic systems and irrigation lines and lift paving. Suckering from the roots is also common. Keep it at least 15 metres from buildings, services and pipework, and do not plant it in small gardens.
Yes. It drops all its leaves through autumn and stands bare through winter, then leafs out quickly in spring. That cycle makes it useful on the northern side of a house or over a yard, where summer shade is wanted and winter sun is not. Expect a substantial leaf fall to clean up.
Yes, better than almost any other large shade tree. It grows naturally on river flats and floodplains and handles seasonally waterlogged ground, dam edges and heavy soils that would kill most trees. It also copes with dry periods once established, though growth slows noticeably without summer moisture.
Water well through the first two summers to get the roots down. Prune in winter to a single leader and remove dead or damaged wood each year, since the timber is brittle and sheds limbs. Keep suckers cut off at the base. Beyond that it needs very little attention on a large site.
