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Olea europaea 'Manzanillo' - Olive

About Your New Olea europaea 'Manzanillo' - Olive

Olea europaea 'Manzanillo' is the classic Spanish table olive, a medium evergreen tree with a dense rounded canopy of silver-green foliage and a spreading branch habit. Fragrant creamy white flowers open in spring, followed by plump fruit suited to both curing and pressing. The open centre form is part of its appeal.

It wants full sun and drainage, and takes coastal exposure, urban conditions and poorer soils in its stride. Growth runs 30 to 60 centimetres a year to 4 to 6 metres tall and 3 to 4 metres wide. Highly drought tolerant once established, it needs an annual prune and little else.

Manzanillo works in productive gardens and small groves, as a clipped hedge at 80 centimetres to 1.5 metre spacing, in containers, or as a single feature. Its open crown lets light and air through the canopy, which supports fruit set. For anyone wanting fruit as well as form, it is where most Australian growers start.

Frequently Asked Questions

About Manzanillo Olive

What is a Manzanillo olive?

'Manzanillo' is a Spanish cultivar of Olea europaea and the best known table olive in the world. The fruit is round, meaty and easy to cure, and it also presses into good oil, so it is genuinely dual purpose. The tree is medium sized with a dense, spreading, silver-green canopy.

How big does the Manzanillo olive grow?

Expect 4 to 6 metres tall and 3 to 4 metres wide at maturity, with a spreading rounded shape. Most growers hold it near 3 metres with annual pruning so the fruit can be picked without a ladder. Allow the full width if you want the tree to develop its natural spreading form.

How far apart should I plant it for a hedge?

For a dense informal screen, plant 1 to 1.5 metres apart. For a tighter formal hedge, bring the spacing in to 80 centimetres. Measure centre to centre and keep the line straight, since olives clipped as a hedge show every gap. Hedged olives crop lightly, so set spacing by whether you want screening or fruit.

Does it need a pollinator?

'Manzanillo' is partly self-fertile, so a single tree will set some fruit. Yields improve substantially with a second variety flowering at the same time nearby, since pollen moves on the wind. One tree gives a modest home crop; in a grove, plant a pollinator such as 'Correggiola' through the rows.

When are the olives ready to pick?

Green table olives are picked in autumn, around March and April, before the skin colours. Black olives are left on the tree until late autumn or early winter, roughly May and June. Fruit for oil is picked when about half the crop has turned. All olives need curing in brine or salt before eating.

Where does it grow best in Australia?

It grows across most of southern Australia, doing best in Mediterranean and warm temperate climates with dry summers, including South Australia, Victoria, inland New South Wales and the south west of Western Australia. It also performs in coastal and urban gardens. Humid subtropical areas are harder, since wet summers encourage fungal problems.

How do I care for a Manzanillo olive tree?

Prune annually in late winter, thinning the centre so light reaches the inner wood, and keeping the height where you can reach it. Feed in early spring, water through flowering and fruit fill, then ease off. Remove suckers from the base. Watch for olive lace bug and scale, and treat early if either appears.

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Uses in my Garden

  • Feature Tree
  • Edible Garden
  • Plant in Pots (or) Suitable for Pots
  • Screening or Privacy

Olea europaea 'Manzanillo' - Olive works in an:

  • Mediterranean Style Garden – timeless courtyard look with stone, pots, and bold greenery.
  • Edible Garden – integrates fruit, herbs, and productive plants.
  • Formal Garden – structured, symmetrical design with clipped shapes.
  • Modern Garden – sleek, minimal, and design-led planting.
  • Low-maintenance Garden – resilient choices for easy care and year-round appeal.

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