Most loved for its brilliant scarlet-red autumn foliage, neat upright form, and strong feature presence in landscapes and avenues.
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Height guide disclaimer: Height ranges are approximate only. As living products, plant heights naturally vary between individual plants, batches, and seasons. No guarantee is given that supplied plants will fall within the stated range. If minimum heights are required, you mustconfirm current batch heights with Evergreen Trees Direct prior to purchase. Variation in height is normal and is not grounds for return, refund, replacement, or compensation.
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Nyssa sylvatica 'Forum' is a deciduous tree grown for autumn colour, sold here as the Forum Black Gum. It is a selected form with a strong central leader and an upright, pyramidal outline. Glossy dark green summer leaves turn through scarlet, orange and purple before dropping. Despite the name, it is not a eucalypt.
It takes full sun to part shade and grows 30 to 60 centimetres a year to 10 to 15 metres tall and 6 to 10 metres wide. Cool and cold temperate climates give the best colour. Frost hardy, it prefers deep, moist, slightly acidic soil and will tolerate clay and periodically wet ground.
The upright habit suits street planting, car park islands, park lawns and larger residential gardens where a shade tree is wanted without a sprawling crown. Space feature trees 3 to 4 metres apart, or 3 metres in an avenue. Autumn colour of this quality is rare in a tree that also tolerates wet ground.
About Nyssa sylvatica 'Forum'
It is a cultivar of Nyssa sylvatica, the North American black tupelo, selected in Europe for a uniform upright habit and reliable autumn colour. The common name Black Gum is misleading in Australia, since the tree has no relation to eucalypts. It belongs to the Nyssaceae family and is fully deciduous.
Mature size is 10 to 15 metres tall and 6 to 10 metres wide. Young trees are narrow and pyramidal, broadening steadily with age into a rounded head on a straight trunk. Plan for the full spread when using it as a street or driveway tree, and keep it clear of small courtyards.
Autumn colour comes through in April and May across most southern Australian districts, later in warmer areas. Leaves turn scarlet, orange and deep purple, often with several colours on the tree at once, and hold for several weeks before falling. Cold nights and sunny days sharpen the display. Small greenish flowers appear in spring.
Full sun gives the best autumn colour and the densest crown, and it is the position to aim for. The tree will grow in part shade, though colour is softer and the habit more open. Shelter from hot dry wind is worth arranging in inland gardens, as the foliage can scorch through a dry summer.
Yes, it is fully frost hardy and comfortable in the coldest parts of temperate Australia, including Tasmania, the Victorian highlands, Canberra and the New South Wales tablelands. It needs a genuine winter chill to colour well, so it is a better choice for cool and cold districts than for the subtropics.
Nyssa sylvatica develops a deep taproot rather than aggressive surface roots, so it behaves well near paving and services compared with many large shade trees. That same taproot makes it slow to settle after transplanting, so plant it in its final position and avoid moving established trees.
Water deeply through the first three summers while the root system develops. Mulch widely, keeping the material off the trunk, and feed in early spring. Pruning needs are minimal: remove crossing or damaged wood in late winter and lift the lower branches gradually if clearance is needed. Avoid limey soils and compaction over the roots.
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Nyssa sylvatica 'Forum' is a deciduous tree grown for autumn colour, sold here as the Forum Black Gum. It is a selected form with a strong central leader and an upright, pyramidal outline. Glossy dark green summer leaves turn through scarlet, orange and purple before dropping. Despite the name, it is not a eucalypt.
It takes full sun to part shade and grows 30 to 60 centimetres a year to 10 to 15 metres tall and 6 to 10 metres wide. Cool and cold temperate climates give the best colour. Frost hardy, it prefers deep, moist, slightly acidic soil and will tolerate clay and periodically wet ground.
The upright habit suits street planting, car park islands, park lawns and larger residential gardens where a shade tree is wanted without a sprawling crown. Space feature trees 3 to 4 metres apart, or 3 metres in an avenue. Autumn colour of this quality is rare in a tree that also tolerates wet ground.
About Nyssa sylvatica 'Forum'
It is a cultivar of Nyssa sylvatica, the North American black tupelo, selected in Europe for a uniform upright habit and reliable autumn colour. The common name Black Gum is misleading in Australia, since the tree has no relation to eucalypts. It belongs to the Nyssaceae family and is fully deciduous.
Mature size is 10 to 15 metres tall and 6 to 10 metres wide. Young trees are narrow and pyramidal, broadening steadily with age into a rounded head on a straight trunk. Plan for the full spread when using it as a street or driveway tree, and keep it clear of small courtyards.
Autumn colour comes through in April and May across most southern Australian districts, later in warmer areas. Leaves turn scarlet, orange and deep purple, often with several colours on the tree at once, and hold for several weeks before falling. Cold nights and sunny days sharpen the display. Small greenish flowers appear in spring.
Full sun gives the best autumn colour and the densest crown, and it is the position to aim for. The tree will grow in part shade, though colour is softer and the habit more open. Shelter from hot dry wind is worth arranging in inland gardens, as the foliage can scorch through a dry summer.
Yes, it is fully frost hardy and comfortable in the coldest parts of temperate Australia, including Tasmania, the Victorian highlands, Canberra and the New South Wales tablelands. It needs a genuine winter chill to colour well, so it is a better choice for cool and cold districts than for the subtropics.
Nyssa sylvatica develops a deep taproot rather than aggressive surface roots, so it behaves well near paving and services compared with many large shade trees. That same taproot makes it slow to settle after transplanting, so plant it in its final position and avoid moving established trees.
Water deeply through the first three summers while the root system develops. Mulch widely, keeping the material off the trunk, and feed in early spring. Pruning needs are minimal: remove crossing or damaged wood in late winter and lift the lower branches gradually if clearance is needed. Avoid limey soils and compaction over the roots.
Deciduous (Defoliates throughout colder months)
Nyssa sylvatica 'Forum' is expected to grow 30cm to 60cm per year (approx.).
Nyssa sylvatica 'Forum' works in an:
Nyssa sylvatica 'Forum' is an Deciduous (Defoliates throughout colder months) Tree
Mature Height: 10m to 15m (approx.)
Mature Width: 6m to 10m
Nyssa sylvatica 'Forum' is expected to grow 30cm to 60cm per year (approx.).
Nyssa sylvatica 'Forum' is expected to grow 30cm to 60cm per year (approx.).
They are considered to have a:
Is Nyssa sylvatica 'Forum' frost tolerant?
Nyssa sylvatica 'Forum' is Frost Hardy – Survives heavy and frequent frost without damage.
Nyssa sylvatica ‘Forum’ produces small, greenish-yellow flowers in late spring. While subtle and not ornamental, these nectar-bearing blooms support early pollinators and lead to small bluish-black berries that ripen in late summer.
Does Nyssa sylvatica 'Forum' flower?
Flowering Period:
Flower Type:
Flower Colour:
White
No
Nyssa sylvatica 'Forum' is Native to Native to eastern North America, where Nyssa sylvatica grows in wetlands and forests. ‘Forum’ is a selected cultivar valued for its symmetrical form and intense autumn colour.
Its nectar-rich blooms attract bees and beneficial insects, while the late-summer fruits are highly valued by birds. The dense, pyramidal canopy provides excellent shelter and nesting habitat, making it an outstanding tree for enhancing biodiversity in parks, large gardens and naturalistic plantings.
Nyssa sylvatica 'Forum' will thrive best in:
Nyssa sylvatica ‘Forum’ performs best in moist, well-drained loam or sandy loam soils and prefers slightly acidic to neutral conditions. It may struggle in alkaline or compacted soils unless improved with organic matter to enhance structure, moisture retention and aeration. Keep soil evenly moist during establishment, then maintain deep, occasional watering as the tree matures to support steady growth, strong root health and its renowned autumn foliage display.
Is Nyssa sylvatica 'Forum' Drought tolerant?
As a young tree it requires regular watering, and once established ‘Forum’ offers moderate drought tolerance. It performs best in moist, well-drained soils but withstands occasional dry periods with deep, infrequent watering. Consistent moisture helps maintain its signature vibrant autumn colour.
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Enquire for current heights
Photographs are not to scale. Heights are approximate and vary between individual trees.
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Enriched Planting Mix is a certified organic blend of Pure Magic Compost, composted animal manure, gypsum, composted coarse bark and a wetting agent, bagged in 30L. It is built to be dug through existing garden soil at planting time rather than used on its own, and the gypsum is what sets it apart from a plain compost.
Gypsum helps break up heavy clay so water and roots can move through it, while the compost and manure return organic matter and nutrient to tired ground. The coarse bark holds structure and keeps air around the root zone, and the wetting agent keeps moisture in the soil longer after rain or watering.
Use it when planting trees, shrubs, roses, fruit trees and exotic garden plants, particularly into clay. Dig a hole twice the width of the pot and 7 centimetres deeper, then mix roughly one third planting mix through the excavated soil. Spread 7 centimetres of that improved soil in the base before setting the plant in.
About Enriched Planting Mix
It is a blend of Pure Magic Compost, composted animal manure, gypsum, composted coarse bark and a wetting agent. Each part has a job. The compost and manure supply organic matter and nutrient, the gypsum works on clay structure, the bark keeps air around the roots and the wetting agent holds moisture in the soil.
It suits exotic garden plants, including roses, ornamental and deciduous trees, fruit trees, shrubs and perennials, and it earns its keep most on heavy clay sites. It is a planting mix rather than a potting mix, so its job is improving soil at planting time. Phosphorus sensitive natives are the one clear exception.
No, not for the phosphorus sensitive ones. The composted animal manure in this blend lifts phosphorus well above what Proteaceae such as Banksia, Grevillea, Hakea and Protea will tolerate, and the result can be leaf burn, dieback and plant death. Use the Native Potting Mix for those species, or plant them into unimproved local soil.
Yes. It is a certified organic product with no chemical additives, which is why the manure and compost in it are fully composted rather than raw. That makes it sound around fruit trees and vegetable beds, and it means you are adding genuine organic matter to your soil rather than a synthetic conditioner.
Work on roughly one third planting mix to two thirds of the soil you dug out of the hole. For a shrub out of a 200 millimetre pot that is only a few litres. An advanced tree going into a large hole will take considerably more. Judge the quantity by the volume of the hole rather than the size of the plant.
It is not a potting mix and should not be used on its own in a container. The blend is designed to be diluted through garden soil, and used straight in a pot it holds too much water and settles badly. For containers, reach for a premium potting mix, or the native mix if you are potting natives.
Yes. Water the plant well several hours before you plant it, then water thoroughly again once the hole is backfilled and the soil firmed down. That first deep watering settles the improved soil around the root ball and drives out air pockets. Keep the water up over the first few months while the roots establish.
Enriched Planting Mix is a certified organic blend of Pure Magic Compost, composted animal manure, gypsum, composted coarse bark and a wetting agent, bagged in 30L. It is built to be dug through existing garden soil at planting time rather than used on its own, and the gypsum is what sets it apart from a plain compost.
Gypsum helps break up heavy clay so water and roots can move through it, while the compost and manure return organic matter and nutrient to tired ground. The coarse bark holds structure and keeps air around the root zone, and the wetting agent keeps moisture in the soil longer after rain or watering.
Use it when planting trees, shrubs, roses, fruit trees and exotic garden plants, particularly into clay. Dig a hole twice the width of the pot and 7 centimetres deeper, then mix roughly one third planting mix through the excavated soil. Spread 7 centimetres of that improved soil in the base before setting the plant in.
About Enriched Planting Mix
It is a blend of Pure Magic Compost, composted animal manure, gypsum, composted coarse bark and a wetting agent. Each part has a job. The compost and manure supply organic matter and nutrient, the gypsum works on clay structure, the bark keeps air around the roots and the wetting agent holds moisture in the soil.
It suits exotic garden plants, including roses, ornamental and deciduous trees, fruit trees, shrubs and perennials, and it earns its keep most on heavy clay sites. It is a planting mix rather than a potting mix, so its job is improving soil at planting time. Phosphorus sensitive natives are the one clear exception.
No, not for the phosphorus sensitive ones. The composted animal manure in this blend lifts phosphorus well above what Proteaceae such as Banksia, Grevillea, Hakea and Protea will tolerate, and the result can be leaf burn, dieback and plant death. Use the Native Potting Mix for those species, or plant them into unimproved local soil.
Yes. It is a certified organic product with no chemical additives, which is why the manure and compost in it are fully composted rather than raw. That makes it sound around fruit trees and vegetable beds, and it means you are adding genuine organic matter to your soil rather than a synthetic conditioner.
Work on roughly one third planting mix to two thirds of the soil you dug out of the hole. For a shrub out of a 200 millimetre pot that is only a few litres. An advanced tree going into a large hole will take considerably more. Judge the quantity by the volume of the hole rather than the size of the plant.
It is not a potting mix and should not be used on its own in a container. The blend is designed to be diluted through garden soil, and used straight in a pot it holds too much water and settles badly. For containers, reach for a premium potting mix, or the native mix if you are potting natives.
Yes. Water the plant well several hours before you plant it, then water thoroughly again once the hole is backfilled and the soil firmed down. That first deep watering settles the improved soil around the root ball and drives out air pockets. Keep the water up over the first few months while the roots establish.
Buxus microphylla var. japonica, sold as Japanese Box, is a dense evergreen shrub clipped here into clean topiary balls. The small, rounded, mid green leaves sit tightly along short stems, so the surface holds a crisp edge after cutting. Growth is naturally compact, which is what allows the ball shape to hold between trims.
It grows in full sun to part shade and accepts most soils that drain, from sandy loam through to improved clay. Cool temperate, temperate and subtropical districts all suit it, and established plants handle light to moderate frost. Growth runs about 15 to 25 centimetres a year, slow enough that the shape stays where you put it.
Balls are used to edge beds and paths, mark an entry, sit either side of a doorway, or repeat down a courtyard to give a planting rhythm. They also underplant feature trees neatly. Because the form arrives already grown, a bed reads finished from the day it goes in rather than years later.
About Japanese Box Topiary Balls
It is Buxus microphylla var. japonica grown on and clipped into a sphere. The plant does the same job as any box shrub, evergreen, small leaved and tolerant of cutting, but it arrives already shaped. Ball diameters run from around 30 centimetres up to large advanced specimens, and the shape is then held with two trims a year.
The ball is held at whatever diameter it is clipped to, commonly 30 to 70 centimetres, with larger specimens available in bigger containers. In the ground, overall height sits close to the ball diameter. Left entirely unclipped the species would slowly reach roughly 1.5 to 2 metres tall and wide over many years.
About 15 to 25 centimetres a year, which is slow to moderate. That pace is an advantage in topiary because the outline drifts gradually rather than running away between cuts. Two trims a year, one in early spring and one in late summer, are usually enough to keep the surface tight and the profile even.
Full sun to part shade both work. Full sun gives the densest, tightest surface, which matters when the appeal of the plant is a clean clipped edge. In hot inland gardens some afternoon shade prevents leaf scorch and bronzing. Deep shade thins the growth out and the ball loses its crisp outline.
Yes. Established plants handle light to moderate frost without damage, which covers most temperate and cool temperate gardens including Canberra, Melbourne and the southern tablelands. Newly planted stock is more exposed, so water it well going into winter and mulch the root zone. Any frost burnt tips can simply be trimmed off in spring.
Yes, they are one of the better plants for a container. A pot 40 to 50 centimetres wide suits a single ball for a courtyard, entry or balcony. Use a quality potting mix, water once the top few centimetres dry out, and feed in spring and again in summer. Repot or refresh the mix every few years.
Trim twice a year with sharp shears, cutting lightly and often rather than hard. Feed in early spring with a slow release fertiliser and keep water up through summer. Mulch to about 50 millimetres, keeping it clear of the stem. Watch for box psyllid on soft new growth and treat early if the tips start to cup.
Buxus sempervirens English Box Topiary Balls are pre-clipped formal evergreen specimens, available in three mature sizes and ready to place. The tight, fine, dark green foliage holds a precise rounded form year-round and gives the classic formal topiary look that no other Buxus replicates. As one of our most consistently strong-selling products, our English Box topiary balls are well-shaped, well-rooted, and arrive in proportion to the pot size.
English Box performs best in cool to temperate climates and is slow growing at around 15 to 25 cm per year in good conditions, which is exactly why it holds sharp formal shapes so well. It thrives in full sun to part shade with well-drained, slightly acidic to neutral loamy soil, and is frost hardy, drought tolerant once established, and excellent in containers. Two light clips per year, in spring and again in late summer, keep the ball form crisp.
Use them flanking entrances, lining formal pathways, anchoring symmetrical garden beds, defining parterre and knot gardens, and in pairs in classic urns and decorative pots at front doors. Buxus sempervirens is the original topiary plant and remains the benchmark for traditional and contemporary formal design, with a level of finesse and density that fast-growing alternatives cannot replicate.
About Buxus sempervirens English Box Topiary Balls
Our English Box topiary balls arrive pre-clipped and ready to place at the size you order. The 30cm/33cm pots have ball diameters of approximately 30 to 45 cm, the 40cm/45L pots have ball diameters of 40 to 55 cm, and the 50cm/75L pots have ball diameters of 50 to 70 cm. They are well-rooted and in proportion to the pot.
English Box is slow-growing, adding approximately 15 to 25 cm per year once established in good conditions. This slow growth rate is one of the reasons it holds sharp formal shapes so well, and why mature pre-clipped specimens command a premium over seedling-grown stock.
English Box (Buxus sempervirens) has the smallest, finest leaves and the tightest formal texture, ideal for traditional parterres and clipped balls. Japanese Box (Buxus microphylla japonica) has slightly larger leaves, grows faster, and handles heat better. Shaggy Box (Buxus bodinieri) has soft, rounded leaves, much better blight resistance, and is the best choice for humid subtropical climates where English Box can struggle.
English Box performs best in cool to temperate regions including Victoria, the ACT, the NSW Southern Highlands and Central Tablelands, Tasmania, and the elevated parts of South Australia and Western Australia. In humid coastal or hot subtropical regions, consider Buxus bodinieri Shaggy Box or Japanese Box instead for better long-term performance.
Lightly clip in spring and again in late summer or early autumn to maintain the ball shape. Avoid pruning in the heat of summer or during frost periods. Use sharp shears for the cleanest formal finish, and step back regularly to check the symmetry of the form.
Yes. English Box is the classic potted topiary plant and pre-clipped balls look particularly striking in pairs at entrances and on terraces. Use a minimum 30L pot for the 30cm/33cm size and scale up from there, with a quality potting mix and a slow-release fertiliser applied twice yearly.
English Box can be affected by box blight, particularly in humid conditions where foliage stays wet. To reduce risk, ensure good air circulation around each plant, avoid overhead watering, and prune to maintain airflow through the canopy. In high-humidity regions, Buxus bodinieri Shaggy Box is a more disease-resistant alternative.
Rhaphiolepis indica 'Snow Maiden' is a compact evergreen shrub that delivers a fresh burst of fragrant pure white flowers from late winter into spring. The dense mounding habit and glossy dark green foliage give it a lush, polished year-round appearance.
Snow Maiden grows to just 1-1.5 metres tall and wide, holding a naturally tidy rounded form with minimal pruning. The compact size makes it an excellent choice for low clipped hedges, borders, mass plantings, and containers, and it works well as a standout specimen in mixed plantings. Small dark berries follow the flowers.
Snow Maiden performs well in full sun to part shade and is drought hardy once established, thriving in coastal gardens and a wide range of well-drained soils. It is salt tolerant, low maintenance, and needs only moderate water while establishing.
About Rhaphiolepis indica 'Snow Maiden'
Rhaphiolepis indica 'Snow Maiden' grows to 1-1.5 metres tall and wide, forming a naturally compact dense mound.
Snow Maiden has a moderate growth rate of 20-40cm per year once established.
Snow Maiden produces masses of pure white flowers from late winter into spring, followed by small dark berries.
Yes. Snow Maiden is one of the best compact evergreen shrubs for low hedges, borders, and mass plantings, holding a tidy rounded form with minimal pruning.
Yes. Snow Maiden is both drought tolerant and salt tolerant once established, making it well suited to coastal gardens and low-water landscapes.
Plant 50-70cm apart for a continuous low hedge, or 80cm-1 metre for a softer informal border.
Snow Maiden thrives across most Australian climates in full sun to part shade, tolerating heat, coastal exposure, and a wide range of well-drained soils.
Pittosporum tenuifolium 'Silver Sheen' carries small shimmering silver-green leaves on near-black stems, giving a light airy screen that moves in the wind rather than reading as a solid green wall. It is one of the most widely specified screening plants in Australian landscape design for exactly that reason.
'Silver Sheen' grows to 4 to 6 metres tall but only 1.5 to 2 metres wide at 30 to 60 centimetres per year, which makes it a genuine solution for narrow beds along fence lines and between buildings where height is needed but width is not available. Small cream flowers appear in spring and are lightly fragrant.
'Silver Sheen' grows in full sun to part shade and tolerates light to moderate frost once established, performing from subtropical Queensland through Sydney, Melbourne, Gippsland and Adelaide. It clips well, holds density under regular trimming, and is equally effective as a formal hedge or a loose screen.
About Pittosporum tenuifolium 'Silver Sheen'
'Silver Sheen' grows to 4 to 6 metres tall and only 1.5 to 2 metres wide, which makes it one of the best options for narrow screening where a tall hedge is needed in a shallow bed.
It grows at 30 to 60 centimetres per year once established, reaching a usable screening height within three to four years with regular water and feeding.
It naturally holds to 1.5 to 2 metres wide and can be trimmed to under a metre with regular clipping, which is why it is so often used in tight side-boundary positions.
Plant 1 to 1.5 metres apart for a dense informal screen, or 80 centimetres apart for a tighter formal hedge. Closer spacing fills in faster but needs more trimming.
'Silver Sheen' handles light to moderate frost once established. Young plants benefit from protection through their first winter in colder inland districts.
Yes. It performs in full sun through to part shade. In shadier positions growth is slightly more open, which suits a softer informal screen.
It performs from subtropical Queensland through Northern NSW, Sydney, the South Coast and tablelands, Melbourne and surrounds, the Western District, Gippsland and Adelaide.
Ligularia reniformis carries enormous glossy kidney-shaped leaves that give a shaded garden the bold tropical texture usually only available in full sun. The Tractor Seat Plant is grown for foliage first, with tall stems of bright yellow daisy flowers through summer as a bonus.
Ligularia reniformis forms a clump 0.6 to 1 metre tall and 1 to 1.5 metres wide, spreading slowly at 10 to 20 centimetres per year. That steady habit makes it reliable as a mass underplanting beneath established trees, an edging along a shaded path, or a single specimen in a large pot.
This is a full shade plant. It wants consistent moisture and protection from hot afternoon sun, which scorches the leaves, and it is frost sensitive, so in cold districts it needs a protected position. Given shade and water it is close to maintenance free.
About Ligularia reniformis
It forms a clump 0.6 to 1 metre tall and 1 to 1.5 metres wide. The individual leaves can reach 40 centimetres across, which is where the bold texture comes from.
The common name comes from the large round kidney-shaped leaves, which resemble the seat of an old tractor. The botanical name reniformis means kidney-shaped.
Yes. It performs best in full shade and will scorch in hot afternoon sun. It is one of the most useful foliage plants available for genuinely dark positions.
Tall stems of bright yellow daisy-like flowers rise well above the foliage through summer. The foliage remains the main feature for the rest of the year.
No. It is frost sensitive and may be damaged by frost. In cold districts plant it in a protected position, or grow it in a pot that can be moved under cover.
It wants consistently moist soil and does not tolerate drying out. Mulch well and water regularly through summer, particularly in pots and under established trees where roots compete.
Plant 0.8 to 1 metre apart for a continuous shaded groundcover mass. Closer spacing fills in faster but the clumps will crowd within a few seasons.
Laurus nobilis 'Miles Choice' is considered an improved form of the traditional bay tree, selected for its more compact, upright growth. This variety is known for producing denser, tidier hedging with less effort, which is why it has become one of our best-selling choices for structured residential and commercial landscapes.
Its dark green, glossy, aromatic foliage creates a strong, uniform backdrop that instantly elevates surrounding plantings and holds its shape beautifully year-round. It is ideal for clipped formal hedges, privacy screening, and pleached rows, responding exceptionally well to pruning and maintaining a clean, polished finish with regular trimming.
'Miles Choice' performs reliably in full sun to part shade and tolerates a wide range of conditions, including coastal and windy sites once established. The foliage is also edible, making it both a practical and ornamental option.
Low-maintenance, resilient, and highly refined, it is a go-to hedging tree for projects where structure, longevity, and a premium finish matter.
About Laurus nobilis 'Miles Choice' Bay Tree
Miles Choice grows to 4-6 metres tall and is most commonly maintained as a 2-4 metre clipped hedge. Its compact upright form holds a tighter shape than standard Laurus nobilis.
Miles Choice has a moderate growth rate of 30-50cm per year once established.
Miles Choice is an improved cultivar of Laurus nobilis with a tighter, more compact habit. The foliage is still fully edible and aromatic, but the plant produces denser, tidier hedges with less pruning than the standard form.
Yes. Like the standard bay tree, Miles Choice leaves are fully edible and can be used in cooking. Pick fresh leaves as needed for stocks, soups, slow-cooked dishes, and marinades.
Plant 60-80cm apart for a dense formal hedge, or 1 metre apart for a more relaxed screen.
Yes. Miles Choice performs well in large pots (60L+) and is a popular choice for formal entrances, courtyards, and balcony screening.
Trim two to three times through the warmer months, taking a little each time rather than one hard cut. Use sharp secateurs on individual stems so the large leaves are not sliced in half and left browning on the face of the hedge. Miles Choice reshoots readily from older wood, so an overgrown plant can be brought back into shape over a season or two.
Trachelospermum jasminoides 'Balls' is Star Jasmine grown and clipped into a dense evergreen sphere. The small glossy leaves sit tight on a woody framework, holding a clean rounded outline year round. White pinwheel flowers open in spring and carry a strong sweet scent right across a courtyard.
Ball specimens hold at about 1 to 1.5 metres tall and wide with light clipping. Full sun to part shade suits them, in any free draining soil. Growth is slow to moderate at 30 to 50 centimetres a year. They handle coastal exposure, light frost and dry spells once the roots are down.
Repeat them along a driveway, either side of an entry, or in pots on a terrace where a formal shape is wanted straight away. They read as structure in a planting scheme without the height of a hedge, and because the form is already trained, a new garden looks settled from the day it goes in.
About Star Jasmine Balls
They are Trachelospermum jasminoides, the common Star Jasmine, grown and clipped into a dense evergreen sphere on a woody framework. Instead of climbing, the plant is trained into a self supporting rounded shape. The foliage is small, glossy and dark green, and the plant carries scented white flowers through spring.
They hold at roughly 1 to 1.5 metres tall and 1 to 1.5 metres wide. Growth is slow to moderate at 30 to 50 centimetres a year, so a light clip once or twice a year keeps the ball tight at whatever size within that range suits the setting.
Full sun to part shade both work. Full sun gives the densest foliage and the heaviest flowering, while part shade produces slightly softer, more open growth and fewer flowers. Avoid deep shade, where the ball thins out and loses its outline. Morning sun with afternoon protection suits hot inland gardens.
Yes, and pots are one of the main uses. A container 50 to 60 centimetres wide with a quality free draining mix will hold a ball for years. Water more often than you would in the ground, especially in summer, and feed in spring and again in late summer. Refresh the mix every few years.
Yes, the foliage is held year round. The glossy dark green leaves take on a bronze tinge in cold weather and green up again in spring, but the plant never goes bare. That is what makes it useful as permanent structure in a scheme, particularly in winter once perennials have died back.
Flowering runs through spring, roughly September to November, and often carries into early summer in warmer districts. The white pinwheel flowers are small but produced in quantity, and the scent is strong on still evenings. Flowering is heaviest on plants in full sun that were not clipped hard just before bud set.
Clip lightly with hedging shears once after flowering and again in late summer if needed, taking only the new growth to keep the outline crisp. Water deeply in dry weather, mulch the base, and feed in early spring. The sap is milky and can irritate skin, so wear gloves when trimming.
Acer rubrum 'Fairview Flame' combines brilliant scarlet autumn foliage with the fastest growth of the commonly grown red maples, which removes the usual wait before an avenue starts to read. The symmetrical upright habit needs no formative pruning to hold its shape.
'Fairview Flame' grows to 12 to 15 metres tall and 8 to 10 metres wide at 45 to 75 centimetres per year, developing a strong central leader and evenly spaced branching. That structural consistency is why it is a standard specification for streetscapes and civic avenue planting.
'Fairview Flame' is frost hardy, surviving heavy and frequent frost without damage, and colours most intensely where autumn nights are cold. It grows in full sun and prefers deep moist soil, tolerating wetter ground better than most maples.
About Acer rubrum 'Fairview Flame'
'Fairview Flame' reaches 12 to 15 metres tall and 8 to 10 metres wide with an upright symmetrical canopy. It is slightly larger and more upright than 'Autumn Red'.
'Fairview Flame' grows faster and taller with a more upright symmetrical habit, while 'Autumn Red' is slightly smaller and more rounded. Both colour brilliant scarlet in autumn.
It grows at 45 to 75 centimetres per year, making it one of the faster red maple selections and a practical choice where an avenue is needed within a reasonable timeframe.
Foliage turns brilliant scarlet through autumn and holds well before dropping. Colour is most intense in cool districts with cold autumn nights.
Yes. It survives heavy and frequent frost without damage and performs reliably in cold tablelands and inland districts.
Very little. The symmetrical upright form develops naturally. Remove crossing or damaged wood in winter, but formative pruning is not required.
Plant 8 to 10 metres apart for a continuous avenue, and keep trees at least 10 metres from buildings, paving and underground services.
Prunus serrulata 'Kanzan' is the most spectacular of the flowering cherries, producing masses of large double pink blossoms in mid spring. The dense clusters of ruffled petals smother the branches as bronze-tinted new foliage emerges, creating one of the most striking spring displays of any deciduous tree.
Kanzan grows to 8-10 metres tall and 5-7 metres wide with a distinctive upright vase-shaped form that broadens gracefully with age. The narrow base and spreading crown make it ideal for flowering avenues, driveways, street planting, and feature lawn positions where the spring show can be admired from a distance.
Kanzan performs best in cool to temperate regions including VIC, NSW, ACT, Tasmania, and elevated parts of SA and WA. It needs cool winters for reliable flowering, well-drained soil, and full sun. Bronze new foliage matures to green, then turns orange-bronze in autumn before dropping in winter.
About Prunus serrulata 'Kanzan'
Prunus serrulata 'Kanzan' grows to 8-10 metres tall and 5-7 metres wide, with a distinctive upright vase-shaped form that broadens with age.
Kanzan is moderately fast-growing, adding 40-60cm per year once established.
Kanzan produces masses of large double pink blossoms in mid spring, typically September to October across Australia. The flowers appear in dense clusters before and as the bronze-tinted new foliage emerges.
Yes. Kanzan is fully deciduous. The foliage emerges bronze, matures to green, then turns orange-bronze in autumn before dropping in winter.
Kanzan performs best in cool to temperate regions including VIC, NSW, ACT, Tasmania, and elevated parts of SA and WA. It needs cool winters for reliable spring flowering.
Yes. The upright vase shape makes Kanzan a popular choice for avenues, driveways, and street planting where a narrow base and spreading crown suit the space.
Plant 4-5 metres apart for a flowering avenue, or 6 metres for individual feature trees with full canopy spread.
Lagerstroemia indica 'Biloxi' is a deciduous flowering tree with an upright vase-shaped frame and smooth cinnamon bark that peels to show paler wood beneath. Crinkled pale pink flowers cover the canopy through summer, and the dark green leaves finish the year in orange and red before dropping.
It flowers best in full sun and grows in most soils that drain, including improved clay. Height gain is 20 to 40 centimetres a year to a mature 3 to 4 metres tall and 2 to 3 metres wide. It is frost hardy when dormant, heat tolerant, and drought tolerant once established. Maintenance is low.
It is used as a feature tree in courtyards, as a flowering avenue along a drive, in mixed shrub borders, and in narrow beds beside a building. Spacing is 3 to 4 metres as a feature or 3 metres for an avenue. It gives summer flower, autumn colour and winter bark from a tree that fits a small garden.
About Biloxi Crepe Myrtle
Biloxi is a named crepe myrtle, a deciduous flowering tree in the Lythraceae family. It carries pale pink crinkled flowers through summer on an upright vase-shaped frame, with smooth mottled bark and strong autumn leaf colour. It is one of the cultivars selected for good mildew resistance and a clean trunk.
It reaches 3 to 4 metres tall and 2 to 3 metres wide at maturity, which keeps it within the scale of an average suburban garden. The habit is upright, so it takes up less width than height. The larger container sizes are supplied well advanced, giving immediate height at planting.
Flowering is through summer, broadly December to February, with the peak in the hottest weeks. The flowers are held in dense terminal panicles and hold on the tree for weeks at a time. Cutting off spent flower heads soon after they fade often brings a lighter second flush before the season ends.
Deciduous. The leaves colour orange and red in autumn, then the tree stands bare through winter, which is when the smooth cinnamon-toned trunk is at its best. New leaves come away in spring. That winter bareness is useful where you want sun reaching a window or courtyard in the cold months.
Full sun, and it matters more here than with most trees. Flowering falls away sharply in shade and the canopy becomes open and leggy. Six or more hours of direct sun gives dense flowering, better autumn colour and less risk of powdery mildew, which is worse in shaded, still positions.
Yes, once established after the first two summers. It handles hot dry summers and reflected heat well, which is why it is common in inland and western suburban streets. Watering through the flowering period will improve the display, but the tree will not fail without it in an average dry spell.
Prune in late winter while it is bare. Remove spent seed heads, thin crossing branches and take out basal suckers to keep a clear trunk. Avoid cutting all the main limbs back to stubs, which ruins the shape and gives weak growth. Mulch, water through establishment, and feed in early spring.
Malus 'Royal Raindrops' is a deciduous ornamental crabapple with deeply cut, purple-red foliage that holds its colour through summer better than older purple leaved forms. Magenta-pink blossom covers the bare branches in spring, followed by small dark red fruit. Autumn brings orange to bronze tones, and the fruit hangs on after the leaves drop.
It grows 3 to 4 metres tall and wide with a compact, rounded crown, adding 20 to 40 centimetres a year. Full sun gives the best leaf colour and the heaviest flowering. It is frost hardy, takes a wide range of soils including compacted urban ground, and is moderately drought tolerant once established.
Street plantings, park beds, nature strips and residential front gardens all suit it. Space feature trees 3 to 4 metres apart, or 3 metres apart for an even avenue. The fruit is small and mostly taken by birds, so it gives winter interest without becoming a clean up problem over paving.
About Royal Raindrops Crabapple
It is an ornamental crabapple grown for its foliage as much as its flowers. The leaves are deeply cut and purple-red, holding colour through summer better than older purple crabapples, and turning orange to bronze in autumn. Magenta-pink blossom covers the bare branches in spring, followed by small persistent dark red fruit.
It reaches 3 to 4 metres tall and 3 to 4 metres wide, forming a compact, rounded crown. That size works on a nature strip or in a front garden without outgrowing the position. Growth of 20 to 40 centimetres a year means it takes a number of seasons to reach full size.
Full sun. It will grow in partial shade, but the purple leaf colour fades back toward green and the flowering thins noticeably. Six hours or more of direct sun gives the strongest foliage colour, the heaviest blossom and the best fruit set. An open position also holds a tighter, denser crown.
Yes, it is frost hardy and handles regular winter frost without damage, which suits cool and temperate districts including inland and tablelands gardens. Crabapples need winter chill to flower well, so cold winters are an advantage rather than a problem. It also tolerates summer heat and is moderately drought tolerant once established.
Yes. Small dark red crabapples follow the blossom and hang on well after the leaves drop, giving winter interest. They are edible but sharp, better suited to jelly than to eating fresh. Most of the crop gets taken by birds, and the fruit is small enough that windfall is not a nuisance.
No. Crabapple roots are fibrous and relatively shallow rather than aggressive, and they are not associated with lifting paving or damaging pipes. That is part of why it is used so widely in streetscapes and near driveways. Standard practice is still to keep it a few metres from footings and service lines.
Prune in winter while dormant, taking out dead, crossing or inward growing branches to keep the crown open. Avoid heavy cutting, which triggers watershoots. Mulch the root zone, water through dry spells for the first few summers, and feed in early spring. Watch for aphids in spring and treat only if numbers build.
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Nyssa sylvatica 'Forum' is a deciduous tree grown for autumn colour, sold here as the Forum Black Gum. It is a selected form with a strong central leader and an upright, pyramidal outline. Glossy dark green summer leaves turn through scarlet, orange and purple before dropping. Despite the name, it is not a eucalypt.
It takes full sun to part shade and grows 30 to 60 centimetres a year to 10 to 15 metres tall and 6 to 10 metres wide. Cool and cold temperate climates give the best colour. Frost hardy, it prefers deep, moist, slightly acidic soil and will tolerate clay and periodically wet ground.
The upright habit suits street planting, car park islands, park lawns and larger residential gardens where a shade tree is wanted without a sprawling crown. Space feature trees 3 to 4 metres apart, or 3 metres in an avenue. Autumn colour of this quality is rare in a tree that also tolerates wet ground.
About Nyssa sylvatica 'Forum'
It is a cultivar of Nyssa sylvatica, the North American black tupelo, selected in Europe for a uniform upright habit and reliable autumn colour. The common name Black Gum is misleading in Australia, since the tree has no relation to eucalypts. It belongs to the Nyssaceae family and is fully deciduous.
Mature size is 10 to 15 metres tall and 6 to 10 metres wide. Young trees are narrow and pyramidal, broadening steadily with age into a rounded head on a straight trunk. Plan for the full spread when using it as a street or driveway tree, and keep it clear of small courtyards.
Autumn colour comes through in April and May across most southern Australian districts, later in warmer areas. Leaves turn scarlet, orange and deep purple, often with several colours on the tree at once, and hold for several weeks before falling. Cold nights and sunny days sharpen the display. Small greenish flowers appear in spring.
Full sun gives the best autumn colour and the densest crown, and it is the position to aim for. The tree will grow in part shade, though colour is softer and the habit more open. Shelter from hot dry wind is worth arranging in inland gardens, as the foliage can scorch through a dry summer.
Yes, it is fully frost hardy and comfortable in the coldest parts of temperate Australia, including Tasmania, the Victorian highlands, Canberra and the New South Wales tablelands. It needs a genuine winter chill to colour well, so it is a better choice for cool and cold districts than for the subtropics.
Nyssa sylvatica develops a deep taproot rather than aggressive surface roots, so it behaves well near paving and services compared with many large shade trees. That same taproot makes it slow to settle after transplanting, so plant it in its final position and avoid moving established trees.
Water deeply through the first three summers while the root system develops. Mulch widely, keeping the material off the trunk, and feed in early spring. Pruning needs are minimal: remove crossing or damaged wood in late winter and lift the lower branches gradually if clearance is needed. Avoid limey soils and compaction over the roots.
